Development of Wheat Bran Oil Concentrates Rich in Bioactives with Antioxidant and Hypolipidemic Properties

Talawar, Sharanappa T.; Harohally, Nanishankar V.; Chetana, R.; Kumar, G. Suresh

doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.7b03440

Cited by 17 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…As reported in Table 4, the total sterol content ranged from 31.10 to 54.45 mg g À1 of lipids, where the most predominant was β-sitosterol, followed by campestanol, sitostanol, and campesterol. Our data agree with Talawar et al [33] who reported similar sterol composition of different bran fractions. However, in the present study, other sterols (Δ 5 -avenasterol and stigmasterol) were identified, being more abundant in the outer layer.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Durum Wheat Bran By‐Products: Oil and Phenolic Acids to be Valorized by Industrial Symbiosis

Cardenia

Sgarzi

Mandrioli

et al. 2018

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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Wheat bran represents one of the main by‐products of debranning/milling of wheat and is currently used for animal feeding. To evaluate other possibilities of by‐product valorization, the lipid matter and phenols in five different fractions of durum wheat bran by‐products obtained from debranning and milling are determined during storage. The lipid content (3.6%–6.3%) significantly changes in the different by‐products, showing an increasing content of free fatty acids (FFA) during 30‐day storage, which corresponded to a consistent decrease in triacylglycerols (TAG). The lipid matter is mainly composed of polyunsaturated fatty acids (57.20% ± 0.36%–59.43% ± 0.72% of total fatty acids), of which linoleic acid is the most representative, but it significantly decreases during storage. The detected free acidity level confirms lipase activity during storage, since the highest value (65.3%) is reached after 30‐day of storage. Total phenolic content of durum wheat bran by‐products does not significantly change during storage, nor does single phenolic acids in the soluble conjugated and insoluble bound fractions (except for caffeic acid). These results suggest that high value nutritional compounds can be extracted from durum wheat bran by‐products before being supplied for animal feeding, but as requested in food chains, the presence of contaminants should be excluded. Practical Applications: The adoption of an industrial symbiosis approach to transfer and share resources between dissimilar industries reflects recent European strategies on decoupling economic growth from environmental impacts. These results demonstrate that durum wheat bran by‐products, instead of being addressed to animal feeding, could be also used as a source of defatted wheat bran and oil (bran and germ oil) for industrial use (pharmaceutical, cosmetic, etc.) or human consumption. The results demonstrate that it is of outmost importance to control the high free acidity, that is, the amount of FFA, of these by‐products; to overcome this problem, it is necessary to extract the oil from fresh material as soon as possible after debranning and/or milling, in order to reduce the need for strong refining conditions to lower free acidity within the legal requirements for refined oils (≤0.5%). A drastic refining process should possibly be avoided, and discouraged for environmental sustainability reasons, because it would reduce the process yield thus rendering it economically disadvantageous. Wheat bran is one of the main by‐products of wheat milling and is widely used for animal feeding or disposed of, which produces negative environmental and economic impacts. The lipid matter and phenols in five different fractions of durum wheat bran by‐products obtained from milling and grinding are determined during storage. On the basis of these results, it is demonstrated that wheat bran by‐products can be further valorized; therefore, instead of directly addressing the final remaining product to animal feeding or inert material for building or biomass, the wheat bran c...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Durum Wheat Bran By‐Products: Oil and Phenolic Acids to be Valorized by Industrial Symbiosis

Cardenia

Sgarzi

Mandrioli

et al. 2018

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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“…For instance, Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Glutathione reductase (GR), thiol peroxidase, Catalase, and other assays can be used to highlight specific enzymelike activity. 4,28 Metal chelating compounds are perhaps the most common among preventive antioxidants. Their action relies on blocking the Fenton reaction by chelating transition metal ions with higher affinity for higher oxidation state, e.g.…”

Section: Testing Preventive Antioxidantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods To Measure the Antioxidant Activity of Phytochemicals and Plant Extracts

Amorati

Valgimigli

2018

J. Agric. Food Chem.

124

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Measurement of antioxidant properties in plant-derived compounds requires appropriate methods that address the mechanism of antioxidant activity and focus on the kinetics of the reactions involving the antioxidants. Methods based on inhibited autoxidations are the most suited for chain-breaking antioxidants and for termination-enhancing antioxidants, while different specific studies are needed for preventive antioxidants. A selection of chemical testing methods is critically reviewed, highlighting their advantages and limitations and discussing their usefulness to investigate both pure molecules and raw extracts. The influence of the reaction medium on antioxidants' performance is also addressed.

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“…Since wheat is widely present in human consumption on a daily bases, it could therefore serve as an alternative source of protein and oil. Also, the wheat bran and germ oils are rich in unsaturated fatty acids and minor components and it is expected to have number of beneficial health effects: reducing serum cholesterol levels [40,45], inhibiting tumoroigenesis [46,47], anti-diabetic properties [48], and others. Some of the nutrients, like carotenoids (β-carotene, pro vitamin A), tocopherols (vitamin E), cannot be synthesized de novo and hence have to be supplemented exogenously through foods.…”

Section: Genotypic Variationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biometric Analyses of Yield, Oil and Protein Contents of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes in Different Environments

et al. 2019

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The objectives of this study were to investigate: (1) the effects of genotype, environment, and their interactions on the oil content (OC), protein content (PC) and grain yield (GY) of 25 varieties of winter wheat, (2) the correlations among these traits in different environments, and (3) the effects of different climatic variables and their interactions with wheat genotypes for the examined traits. The field experiments were performed on three experimental sites in Serbia in 2009/10 and 2010/11. The most variable traits were GY and PC, while the variations of OC were lower. A significant positive correlation between wheat bran OC and GY was found in one, while highly significant negative correlations between PC and GY were found in three out of six environments. The partial least square regression (PLSR) triplots for protein content, oil content and grain yield enabled us to identify favorable and limiting climatic conditions for each trait and explained 31.9%, 32.6%, and 30.4% of the total variance, respectively. Cvs. Renesansa and Zvezdana were identified as genotypes with high average values for all traits, while cvs. Bankuty 1205 and Banatka were identified as potential sources of high protein content.

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Development of Wheat Bran Oil Concentrates Rich in Bioactives with Antioxidant and Hypolipidemic Properties

Cited by 17 publications

References 42 publications

Durum Wheat Bran By‐Products: Oil and Phenolic Acids to be Valorized by Industrial Symbiosis

Durum Wheat Bran By‐Products: Oil and Phenolic Acids to be Valorized by Industrial Symbiosis

Methods To Measure the Antioxidant Activity of Phytochemicals and Plant Extracts

Biometric Analyses of Yield, Oil and Protein Contents of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes in Different Environments

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