Development of Waxy Common Wheat by Haploid Breeding.

Hoshino, Tsuguhiro; Ito, Seiji; Hatta, Kouchi; Nakamura, Toshik; Yamamori, Makoto

doi:10.1270/jsbbs1951.46.185

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The waxy wheat (Triticum aestivum) variety CD-1479 (Hoshino et al, 1996), which lacks all GBSSI proteins in endosperm starch, and the non-waxy wheat variety Chinese Spring were used in investigations of GBSSII expression. To determine the chromosomal location of the GBSSII genes, 19 nullisomic-tetrasomic and four ditelosomic lines of Chinese Spring wheat obtained from U.S. Deparment of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (Beltsville, MD) and the Kihara Institute of Biological Research (Yokohama, Japan) were used.…”

Section: Plant Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wheat Granule-Bound Starch Synthase I and II Are Encoded by Separate Genes That Are Expressed in Different Tissues

2000

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Studies of waxy mutations in wheat and other cereals have shown that null mutations in genes encoding granule-bound starch synthase I (GBSSI) result in amylose-free starch in endosperm and pollen grains, whereas starch in other tissues may contain amylose. We have isolated a cDNA from waxy wheat that encodes GBSSII, which is thought to be responsible for the elongation of amylose chains in non-storage tissues. The deduced amino acid sequences of wheat GBSSI and GBSSII were almost 66% identical, while those of wheat GBSSII and potato GBSSI were 72% identical. GBSSII was expressed in leaf, culm, and pericarp tissue, but transcripts were not detected in endosperm tissue. In contrast, GBSSI expression was high in endosperm tissue. The expression of GBSSII mRNA in pericarp tissue was similar at the midpoints of the day and night periods. The GBSSII genes were mapped to chromosomes 2AL, 2B, and 2D, whereas GBSSI genes are located on group 7 chromosomes. Gelblot analysis indicated that genes related to GBSSII also occur in barley, rice, and maize. The possible role of GBSSII in starch synthesis is discussed.Starch is composed of two distinct polymers; amylopectin, which consists of long chains of (1-4)-linked ␣-Dglucopyranosyl units with extensive branching resulting from (1-6) linkages, and amylose, which is a relatively linear molecule of (1-4)-linked ␣-d-glucopyranosyl units (Whistler and Daniel, 1984). Both types of chains are elongated by starch synthases that transfer ␣-d-Glc from ADPGlc to the growing chain, and specific starch synthases are active in the synthesis of each type of polymer. Whereas a number of starch synthases are thought to catalyze amylopectin synthesis (Dry et al

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Section: Plant Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wheat Granule-Bound Starch Synthase I and II Are Encoded by Separate Genes That Are Expressed in Different Tissues

2000

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“…Australian wheats used for making Japanese white salted noodles are all null for the 4A GBSS locus (''null 4A'', Zhao and Sharp 1994) and have lower amylose contents (22% compared to 25% for normal, Batey and Mueller 1991). Double and triple null mutants for GBSS have been developed in hexaploid wheats, the triple nulls giving essentially zero amylose (Nakamura et al 1995;Yamamori et al 1995a;Hoshino et al 1996;Graybosch 1998;. Null alleles and waxy polymorphism have also been found to occur naturally, as summarized by Monari et al (2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Starch characterisation and variability in GBSS loci of synthetic hexaploid wheats and their durum and Aegilops tauschii parents

et al. 2008

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Greater variability in starch properties is found in lower ploidy wheats than in commercial hexaploid wheats. This paper reports on the starch properties and variability in granule bound starch synthase (GBSS) loci of 17 diploid (Aegilops tauschii) and 12 tetraploid (durums) potential progenitors of wheat, compared with 29 synthetic hexaploid wheats produced from such progenitors. Starch properties examined were granule size distribution, swelling power, amylose content, gelatinisation and amyloselipid dissociation properties. A PCR screening method was able to detect the presence or absence of each of the three GBSS genes. It also detected polymorphisms in eight diploids and nine hexaploids, all displaying the same 25 bases deletion in the D genome allele of GBSS. Two tetraploids and five hexaploids were null 4A for GBSS. There was little difference in the amylose contents and amylose-lipid dissociation peak temperatures of the synthetic hexaploids and the lower ploidy wheats. The synthetic hexaploids showed intermediate swelling power values with the durums giving the highest swelling powers. The durums also had higher B granule contents than the A. tauschii accessions, but not as high as the synthetics. However, the A. tauschii samples gave the highest gelatinisation peak temperatures. The presence of the null 4A mutation was positively correlated with swelling power, amylose content and DSC measurements. The new smaller D genome allele of GBSS was associated Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (with slightly higher swelling power. These results confirm the value of wheat progenitor lines as sources of new starch properties for hexaploid wheat.

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“…Waxy (amylose-free) wheat variety was developed (Hoshino et al, 1996, Nakamura et al, 1995. Waxy starch of wheat fl our is expected to contribute to improving glutinosity, resistance to gel formation and retrogradation.…”

Section: Wheatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Germplasm Enhancement and Breeding Strategies for Crop Quality in Japan

Okuno

2005

Plant Production Science

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Development of Waxy Common Wheat by Haploid Breeding.

Cited by 12 publications

References 9 publications

Wheat Granule-Bound Starch Synthase I and II Are Encoded by Separate Genes That Are Expressed in Different Tissues

Wheat Granule-Bound Starch Synthase I and II Are Encoded by Separate Genes That Are Expressed in Different Tissues

Starch characterisation and variability in GBSS loci of synthetic hexaploid wheats and their durum and Aegilops tauschii parents

Germplasm Enhancement and Breeding Strategies for Crop Quality in Japan

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