Development of upper visual field bias for faces in infants

Tsurumi, Shuma; Kanazawa, Susumu; Yamaguchi, Masami K.; Kawahara, Jun‐ichiro

doi:10.1111/desc.13262

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…They showed that the VMA is a malleable property of the visual system that settles in beyond childhood. Another recent study concluded that perceptual asymmetries in infants reflect adaptations to typical spatial locations in the surrounding environment 28 . With regards to aging, data pertaining to upper-lower asymmetries are scarce and they remain largely inconclusive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The vertical position of visual information conditions spatial memory performance in healthy aging

Durteste

Poucke

Combariza

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Memory for objects and their location is a cornerstone of adequate cognitive functioning across the lifespan. Considering that human visual perception is dependent upon the position of stimuli within the visual field, we posit that the position of objects in the environment may be a determinant aspect of mnemonic performance. In this study, a population of young and older adults completed a source monitoring task with objects presented either in the upper or lower visual field. Using multinomial processing tree modeling, we revealed that while item memory remained intact in older age, spatial memory was impaired but only for objects that had been presented in the upper visual field. Spatial memory is therefore conditioned by the vertical position of information. These findings put into question the traditional view that age-related spatial mnemonic deficits are primarily attributable to high-order associative dysfunctions and suggest that they could also originate from altered encoding of object attributes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The vertical position of visual information conditions spatial memory performance in healthy aging

Durteste

Poucke

Combariza

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Daylight-axis colors are important for object recognition and segmentation (Gegenfurtner and Rieger, 2000;Lafer-Sousa et al, 2012;Pearce et al, 2014;Rosenthal et al, 2018), and responses to daylight colors appear to distinguish ventral and dorsal parcels, particularly in V3 and V4 (Figure 5b). A potential behavioral advantage for color-in-service-of-object-vision in the upper visual field may parallel the behavioral advantage in the upper visual field found for face perception Finkbeiner, 2014, 2015;Tsurumi et al, 2022) and shape perception (Zito et al, 2016) in the upper visual field.…”

Section: The Origin Of Dorsal / Ventral Functional Asymmetriesmentioning

confidence: 83%

Color and Spatial Frequency Provide Functional Signatures of Retinotopic Visual Areas

Loggia

Duffield

Braunlich

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The visual cortex contains multiple retinotopic representations of the visual field. A long-standing question of visual neuroscience concerns the role of these different regions in visual computations and perception. Differences in psychophysical properties have also been noted across the visual field, varying with eccentricity and with the upper and lower hemifields. Inspired by studies that used linear-systems-defined stimuli to characterize single neuron responses, we collected fMRI data from two macaque monkeys as they passively viewed gratings that varied in color, saturation, and spatial frequency. We apply a novel variant of multivariate linear discriminant analysis to discover combinations of these features that best separated visual cortex, along three dimensions of representation: eccentricity; classic retinotopic progression (V1, V2, V3, V3a, V4, MT+); and upper vs lower visual field. As expected from prior work, eccentricity across all visual areas was characterized by responses to color and spatial frequency: foveal regions, compared to peripheral regions, showed greater responses to colors not restricted to the S-cone-axis and high spatial frequency. Retinotopic visual areas were characterized by their responses to saturation: relative to anterior visual areas (V3-V4, V3a, MT+), posterior areas (V1-V2) were more responsive to increases in saturation. And upper-vs-lower representations were distinguished by responses to colors modulating along the Daylight locus: ventral areas showed relatively higher responses to colors associated with the Daylight locus (orange/blue) as compared to responses to achromatic luminance. Together, these results provide a data driven approach that recovers functional signatures of retinotopic organization using color and spatial frequency, providing clues toward the different roles that the components of retinotopic cortex play in visual perception.

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“…That is, adults direct their visual attention toward the top half of the stimuli and not to a specific facial feature (Barton et al., 2006; Man & Hills, 2016), whereas infants have been shown to focus on the eye region regardless of stimulus orientation (Oakes & Ellis, 2013). However, recent findings show a general looking preference toward the upper visual field compared to the lower visual field in infants (Tsurumi et al., 2023), which may explain the differences in first fixation location between upright and inverted faces. Moreover, previous work with adults shows that the location of the first fixation is predictive of recognition accuracy, with best recognition performance when the first fixation is directed to the eyes (Hills et al., 2013a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Face race and sex impact visual fixation strategies for upright and inverted faces in 3‐ to 6‐year‐old children

Farrell

Conte

Barry-Anwar

et al. 2022

Developmental Psychobiology

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Everyday face experience tends to be biased, such that infants and young children interact more often with own-race and female faces leading to differential processing of faces within these groups relative to others. In the present study, visual fixation strategies were recorded using eye tracking to determine the extent to which face race and sex/gender impact a key index of face processing in 3-to 6-year-old children (n = 47). Children viewed male and female upright and inverted White and Asian faces while visual fixations were recorded. Face orientation was found to have robust effects on children's visual fixations, such that children exhibited shorter first fixation and average fixation durations and a greater number of fixations for inverted compared to upright face trials. First fixations to the eye region were also greater for upright compared to inverted faces. Fewer fixations and longer duration fixations were found for trials with male compared to female faces and for upright compared to inverted unfamiliar-race faces, but not familiar-race faces. These findings demonstrate evidence of differential fixation strategies toward different types of faces in 3-to 6-year-old children, illustrating the importance of experience in the development of visual attention to faces.

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Development of upper visual field bias for faces in infants

Cited by 7 publications

References 42 publications

The vertical position of visual information conditions spatial memory performance in healthy aging

The vertical position of visual information conditions spatial memory performance in healthy aging

Color and Spatial Frequency Provide Functional Signatures of Retinotopic Visual Areas

Face race and sex impact visual fixation strategies for upright and inverted faces in 3‐ to 6‐year‐old children

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