Development of unfired earthen building materials using muscovite rich soils and alkali activators

Ojo, Emeso B.; Mustapha, Kabiru; Teixeira, Ronaldo Soares; Savastano, Holmer

doi:10.1016/j.cscm.2019.e00262

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Compaction technique was adopted for the production of the specimens based on results ob-tained in Figure 1. Studies have shown that the moulding techniques affects greatly the mechanical behavior [20], compaction technique uses the optimum moisture content which results in closely packed soil, henceforth improved performances [21,22]. This technique allows to have more closely packed samples by reducing the voids within the samples.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alkali activation of compacted termite mound soil for eco-friendly construction materials

Mahamat

Obianyo

Ngayakamo

et al. 2021

Heliyon

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This investigation prospects the feasibility of optimizing the mechanical behavior and dimensional stability of termite's mound soil through alkaline activation. The raw aluminosilicate (termites' soil) was used without any pre-thermal treatment and natural occurring potash was used as the alkaline activator. Different activation level and different initial curing temperature were adopted to examine the effect of the initial temperature and the activator concentration on the Alkali Activated Termite Soil (AATS). Similarly, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)/Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy (FTIR) were conducted to characterize the microstructure, to determine the crystallinity of the constituents and to identify the functional groups present within the specimens. These characterizations were carried out on the specimens at 15 days after their moulding. The compressive strength was determined for 7, 15 and 90 days to illuminate the fundamental of the optimization process. Results showed that the optimal initial curing temperature was 60 C for the oven-dry regime at 3wt% activator with compressive strength of 2.56, 4.38 and 7.79 MPa at 7, 15 and 90 days respectively. From the mechanical performances results, the alkali stabilized termite's soil can be used as masonry elements predominantly submitted to compression. The repercussions of the results are analyzed for potential applications of the Alkaline Activation techniques as an environmental-friendly approach to obtain renewable and sustainable building materials at low cost with low energy consumption henceforth replicable in most of the regions.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alkali activation of compacted termite mound soil for eco-friendly construction materials

Mahamat

Obianyo

Ngayakamo

et al. 2021

Heliyon

Self Cite

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“…Following homogenization, fibre-soil mixtures were transferred to a laboratory extruder (Gelenski, model MVIG-05 with a cross section die width/height ratio of 3.3 and operating at a linear speed of approximately 4 mm/s. Plates of 200 mm × 50 mm × 15 mm were produced and samples were cured initially at elevated temperature of 105 °C for 5 h and left in the laboratory at room temperature of (24 ± 2)°C and relative humidity (RH) of 60% for 14 days [2].…”

Section: Experimental Design Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical data on the physical and mechanical properties of fibre reinforced alkali activated uncalcined earth based composite

et al. 2020

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This article presents statistical data on the reinforcing effect of three different fibres (sisal, eucalyptus pulp and polypropylene) on the physical and mechanical properties of an alkali activated natural soil produced using extrusion technique for the development of earth-based building materials. The experimental testing program involved characterisation of composite mixtures including a plain unreinforced stabilised matrix (which was plain soil mixed with alkali activator solution) as well as composite mixtures incorporating 3 volume fractions of fibres (0.5, 1.0 & 2.0 vol.%) of each fibre type. Composites were tested to evaluate physical properties (density and water absorption) and flexural response under 4-point loading in both dry and saturated conditions. The obtained values were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Tukey multiple comparison tests to ascertain the effect of the reinforcing fibres on the physical and mechanical properties of the composites. Results obtained show unique reinforcing effects of the different fibre types in the alkali activated matrices and the sensitivity of the earth based matrix to variations in fibre volume fraction. This data article is related to “Effects of Fibre Reinforcements on Properties of Extruded Alkali Activated Earthen Building Materials” [1].

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“…The estimated B D values of these bricks are suggestive of a low packing density and poor contact among particles. Previous studies also reported the possibilities of the improvement of any fired-bricks' packing density could do by lowering of the molding moisture content (for instance, the optimum moisture content) in the brick soils [53].…”

Section: Physico-mechanical Properties Of Clay Brickmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case study on mineralogy and physico-mechanical properties of commercial bricks produced in Nepal

et al. 2020

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Uses of clay brick have practiced since ancient times in the Kathmandu valley of Nepal as structural materials for the construction of historical monuments, temples, and even modern buildings so on. However, their durability and sustainability properties are less studied scientifically in Nepal. Taking into consideration, analysis of mineralogical phases and physico-mechanical properties of modern clay bricks of Nepal was carried out using X-ray powder diffraction as well as Fourier transform infra-red techniques, and American Standards for Testing Materials standards, respectively. Quartz, feldspars, alumina-rich spinel, muscovite, primary mullite, and hematite are constituent in the bricks. Appearance of the spinel and primary mullite phases in burnt brick samples with diminishing feldspar peaks were to be different, indicating that the temperature applied for the making of these clay bricks presumed to be between 900 and 1050 °C. All the commercially used contemporary brick samples analyzed herein could be of II and III classes based on the estimated physical and mechanical properties. They showed the water absorption capacity (W AC ), apparent porosity (P A ), bulk density (D B ), and compressive strength (S C ) in the range of 5-30%, 10-40%, 1.1-2.15 g/cm 3 , and 3.35-10.53 MPa, respectively, and these properties have a reasonable correlation. The S C is to be decreased exponentially with increasing both the W AC and P A and increased exponentially with D B .

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Development of unfired earthen building materials using muscovite rich soils and alkali activators

Cited by 16 publications

References 36 publications

Alkali activation of compacted termite mound soil for eco-friendly construction materials

Alkali activation of compacted termite mound soil for eco-friendly construction materials

Statistical data on the physical and mechanical properties of fibre reinforced alkali activated uncalcined earth based composite

A case study on mineralogy and physico-mechanical properties of commercial bricks produced in Nepal

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