Development of the Zebrafish Enteric Nervous System

Shepherd, Iain T.; Eisen, Judith S

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-387036-0.00006-2

Cited by 67 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…Digestive functions are regulated by a complex neural network, known as the enteric nervous system (ENS), endowed in the gut wall and extending throughout its length from the esophagus to the internal anal sphincter [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] . The ENS derives from the neural crest [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] and consists of neurons distributed in two ganglionated plexuses, myenteric (Auerbach's) and sub-mucosal (Meissner's), located within the gut wall. Enteric neurons can be identified according to their function, location, neurochemistry, shape, projections, quantitative properties and connections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes-related alterations in the enteric nervous system and its microenvironment

Bagyánszki

Bódi²

2012

WJD

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Gastric intestinal symptoms common among diabetic patients are often caused by intestinal motility abnormalities related to enteric neuropathy. It has recently been demonstrated that the nitrergic subpopulation of myenteric neurons are especially susceptible to the development of diabetic neuropathy. Additionally, different susceptibility of nitrergic neurons located in different intestinal segments to diabetic damage and their different levels of responsiveness to insulin treatment have been revealed. These findings indicate the importance of the neuronal microenvironment in the pathogenesis of diabetic nitrergic neuropathy. The main focus of this review therefore was to summarize recent advances related to the diabetes-related selective nitrergic neuropathy and associated motility disturbances. Special attention was given to the findings on capillary endothelium and enteric glial cells. Growing evidence indicates that capillary endothelium adjacent to the myenteric ganglia and enteric glial cells surrounding them are determinative in establishing the ganglionic microenvironment. Additionally, recent advances in the development of new strategies to improve glycemic control in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus are also considered in this review. Finally, looking to the future, the recent and promising results of metagenomics for the characterization of the gut microbiome in health and disease such as diabetes are highlighted.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes-related alterations in the enteric nervous system and its microenvironment

Bagyánszki

Bódi²

2012

WJD

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“…The zebrafish intestine has been described by many authors [26][27][28] as very similar in anatomy and architecture to the mammalian small intestine. It is a compartmentalized tubular structure with three intestinal segments defined by histological morphology of the epithelial folds and the distribution of different cell types.…”

Section: Ibd Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory diseases modelling in zebrafish

Fénero

Flores

Câmara

2016

WJEM

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The ingest of diets with high content of fats and carbohydrates, low or no physical exercise and a stressful routine are part of the everyday lifestyle of most people in the western world. These conditions are triggers for different diseases with complex interactions between the host genetics, the metabolism, the immune system and the microbiota, including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), obesity and diabetes. The incidence of these disorders is growing worldwide; therefore, new strategies for its study are needed. Nowadays, the majority of researches are in use of murine models for understand the genetics, physiopathology and interaction between cells and signaling pathways to find therapeutic solutions to these diseases. The zebrafish, a little tropical water fish, shares 70% of our genes and conserves anatomic and physiological characteristics, as well as metabolical pathways, with mammals, and is rising as a new complementary model for the study of metabolic and inflammatory diseases. Its high fecundity, fast development, transparency, versatility and low cost of maintenance makes the zebrafish an interesting option for new researches. In this review, we offer a discussion of the existing genetic and induced zebrafish models of two important Western diseases that have a strong inflammatory component, the IBD and the obesity. Core tip:The western lifestyle with a high fat and carbohydrates diet, lack of physical activity and stress, is a trigger for different diseases with complex interactions between the host genetics, the metabolism, the immune system and the microbiota, as the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), obesity and diabetes. The zebrafish has 70% homology with our genes, shares anatomic and physiological characteristics with mammals, and emerges as a new model for the study of metabolic and inflammatory diseases. In this review, we examine the existing genetic and induced zebrafish models of two important Western diseases with strong inflammatory component, IBD and obesity.Morales Fénero CI, Colombo Flores AA, Câmara NOS. Inflammatory diseases modelling in zebrafish. World J Exp Med 2016; 6(1): 9-20 Available from:

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“…5). All ENS neurons are Elavl positive, 3 thus the Elavl and 5HT double positive cells are ENS neurons. The cells positive for only 5HT have previously been shown to be a subset of enteroendocrine cells in the intestinal epithelium.…”

Section: Different Intestinal Cell Types Can Be Accurately Identifiedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3] Understanding the roles of the mutant genes requires quantitative expression analysis at several different developmental stages for a number of known cell identity markers, for example, neurotransmitters that distinguish distinct types of enteric neurons. 4 The process of counting enteric neurons in these mutants is very time-consuming, especially if one relies on manual identification of cells in sectioned animals, as we have done in the past.…”

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confidence: 99%

Characterization of Enteric Neurons in Wild-Type and Mutant Zebrafish Using Semi-Automated Cell Counting and Co-Expression Analysis

et al. 2013

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To characterize fluorescent enteric neurons labeled for expression of cytoplasmic markers in zebrafish mutants, we developed a new MATLAB-based program that can be trained by user input. We used the program to count enteric neurons and to analyze co-expression of the neuronal marker, Elavl, and the neuronal subtype marker, serotonin, in 3D confocal image stacks of dissected whole-mount zebrafish intestines. We quantified the entire population of enteric neurons and the serotonergic subpopulation in specific regions of the intestines of gutwrencher mutant and wild-type sibling larvae. We show a marked decrease in enteric neurons in gutwrencher mutants that is more severe at the caudal end of the intestine. We also show that gutwrencher mutants have the same number of serotonin-positive enteroendocrine cells in the intestine as wild types.

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Development of the Zebrafish Enteric Nervous System

Cited by 67 publications

References 81 publications

Diabetes-related alterations in the enteric nervous system and its microenvironment

Diabetes-related alterations in the enteric nervous system and its microenvironment

Inflammatory diseases modelling in zebrafish

Characterization of Enteric Neurons in Wild-Type and Mutant Zebrafish Using Semi-Automated Cell Counting and Co-Expression Analysis

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