Development of the subepicardial mesenchyme and the early cardiac vessels in the dogfish (Scyliorhinus canicula)

Muñoz‐Chápuli, Ramón; Macías, David; Ramos, Casto; Gallego, Alejandro; Andrés, Victoria de

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-010x(19960601/15)275:2/3<95::aid-jez4>3.0.co;2-8

Cited by 27 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Egg capsules were open at intervals and the embryos were anesthetized in 0.04% tricaine methanesulfonate (MS-222, Sigma-Aldrich Co., St. Louis, MO, USA) in seawater and measured. Some embryos were fixed in 1.25% glutaraldehyde and 1% paraformaldehyde and embedded in Araldite 502 as described previously (Mun˜oz-Cha´puli et al 1996). Semithin sections (0.5 mm) were obtained with an ultramicrotome and stained with toluidine blue.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epicardial development in lamprey supports an evolutionary origin of the vertebrate epicardium from an ancestral pronephric external glomerulus

Pombal

Carmona

Megı́as

et al. 2008

Evolution and Development

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The epicardium is the outer layer of the vertebrate heart. Both the embryonic epicardium and its derived mesenchyme are critical to heart development, contributing to the coronary vasculature and modulating the proliferation of the ventricular myocardium. The embryonic epicardium arises from an extracardiac, originally paired progenitor tissue called the proepicardium, a proliferation of coelomic cells found at the limit between the liver and the sinus venosus. Proepicardial cells attach to and spread over the cardiac surface giving rise to the epicardium. Invertebrate hearts always lack of epicardium, and no hypothesis has been proposed about the origin of this tissue and its proepicardial progenitor in vertebrates. We herein describe the epicardial development in a representative of the most basal living lineage of vertebrates, the agnathan Petromyzon marinus (lamprey). The epicardium in lampreys develops by migration of coelomic cells clustered in a paired structure at the roof of the coelomic cavity, between the pronephros and the gut. Later on, these outgrowths differentiate into the pronephric external glomerulus (PEG), a structure composed of capillary networks, mesangial cells, and podocytes. This observation is consistent with the conclusion that the primordia of the most anterior pair of PEG in agnathans have been retained and transformed into the proepicardium in gnathostomes. Glomerular progenitor cells are highly vasculogenic and probably allowed for the vascularization of a cardiac tube primarily devoid of coronary vessels. This new hypothesis accounts for the striking epicardial expression of Wt1 and Pod1, two transcription factors essential for development of the excretory system.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epicardial development in lamprey supports an evolutionary origin of the vertebrate epicardium from an ancestral pronephric external glomerulus

Pombal

Carmona

Megı́as

et al. 2008

Evolution and Development

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“…Veins develop when endothelial cells migrate from the epicardium through the myocardium and form vascular channels at the sinus venosus [48]. A capillary-like plexus forms from the epicardial mesenchyme and the constituent tubes coalesce to form veins [98]. This venous plexus grows from the sinus venosus toward the arterial pole of the heart and incorporates smooth muscle only after blood flow is established through the coronary arteries [99].…”

Section: Formation Of Veins and Arteries Is Spatially Regulatedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of the coronary vasculature during development

Tomanek

2005

Angiogenesis

107

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The formation of the coronary vasculature involves a series of carefully regulated temporal events that include vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, arteriogenesis and remodeling. This review explores these events, which begin with the migration of proepicardial cells to form the epicardium and end with postnatal growth and remodeling. Coronary endothelial, smooth muscle and fibroblast cells differentiate via epithelial-mesenchymal transformation; these cells delaminate from the epicardium. Following the formation of a tubular network by endothelial cells, an aortic ring of endothelial cells penetrates the aorta at the left and right aortic cusps to form the two ostia. Smooth muscle cell recruitment occurs rapidly and the coronary artery network begins forming as blood flow is established. Recent studies have identified a number of regulatory molecules that play key roles in epicardial formation and the transformation of its component cells into mesenchyme. Moreover, we are finally gaining some understanding regarding the interplay of angiogenic growth factors in the complex process of establishing the coronary vascular tree. Understanding coronary embryogenesis is important for interventions regarding adult cardiovascular diseases as well as those necessary to correct congenital defects.

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“…1A). During cardiac morphogenesis, an epithelial-mesenchymal transition of the epicardial mesothelium seems to occur in particular areas of the heart [41,48,58,60]. The epicardial-derived cells might contribute to the coronary vasculature, as stated below.…”

Section: Immunohistochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Differentiation of hemangioblasts from embryonic mesothelial cells? A model on the origin of the vertebrate cardiovascular system

et al. 1999

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Development of the subepicardial mesenchyme and the early cardiac vessels in the dogfish (Scyliorhinus canicula)

Cited by 27 publications

References 24 publications

Epicardial development in lamprey supports an evolutionary origin of the vertebrate epicardium from an ancestral pronephric external glomerulus

Epicardial development in lamprey supports an evolutionary origin of the vertebrate epicardium from an ancestral pronephric external glomerulus

Formation of the coronary vasculature during development

Differentiation of hemangioblasts from embryonic mesothelial cells? A model on the origin of the vertebrate cardiovascular system

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