Development of the Spinning Disk to Produce Monodisperse Aerosols in a Wide Range of Sizes

Toivonen, H.; Bailey, Michael R.

doi:10.1080/02786828908959312

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…Details of STAG operation as a particle generator are described in references collected in Table 2. Other, Properties Cheah and Davies (1984) 3-20 Liquid/Liquid Water, Ethanol, Hexanol, Hexanol/ DEHS, Water-Ethanol DEHS Toivonen and Bailey (1989) 0.5-50 Liquid/Solid PSL Xylene Meltonen et al (1991) Water and DOP Eisner and Martonen (1988) 0.3-3 Solid NaCl Water Modi ed may spinning disk Bailey and Strong (1980) Solid Aluminosilicate glass Radioactive label Mitchell (1984) 0.3-11 Solid Sodium Fluoresc, Methylene Sintered spheres Blue, Ferric Oxide Hurford (1981) 1-6 Solid Ferric Oxide Radioactive label…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Authentication of Particulate Air Samples by Aerosol

Ylätalo¹,

Toivonen²,

Lehtinen³

2000

Aerosol Science and Technology

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A method was developed for the protection of aerosol lters against tampering that can be applied to any particulate sampler. In this method, tagged particles are dispersed into the sampled aerosol volume by liquid atomization to guarantee homogeneous distribution of the tag and deposition into the lter matrix. The tagged aerosols are collected insitu, together with the sampled dust particles. The tag can be measured in different ways. This feature can be used for self protection of the method. The authentication of the individual lters is preserved through the lifetime of the lter sample. Long-term eld tests of the equipment indicate reliable performance.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Production of particles with a Spinning Top Aerosol Generator (STAG) has been described by May (1949), Bailey and Strong (1980), and Toivonen and Bailey (1989). Details of STAG operation as a particle generator are described in references collected in Table 2.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Authentication of Particulate Air Samples by Aerosol

Ylätalo¹,

Toivonen²,

Lehtinen³

2000

Aerosol Science and Technology

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“…Commercially-available labelled polyrtyrene particles have also been used in human lung clearance studies. Philipson et al, 1970Black and Walsh, 1970Black and Walsh, 1970Few et al, 1970Holma, 1967Velasquez and Morrow, 1984Pritchard and Black, 1988Booker et al, 1967Holma, 1967Hinrichs et al, 197í Morrow et al, 1967Bohning et al, 1982 We investigated the use of the STAG to produce monodisperse polystyrene particles in as wide a range of sizes as possible (Toivonen and Bailey, 1986). The size of the droplets produced by the STAG is inversely proportional to the speed of rotation, f, and the final particle size to C ' /f, where C is the concentration of solute in solution (Figure 3).…”

Section: Polystyrenementioning

confidence: 99%

Generation and Administration of Labelled Aerosols for Clearance Studies

Bailey

1989

Journal of Aerosol Medicine

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Studies of respiratory tract clearance kinetics require monodisperse, non-toxic, labelled particles with appropriate in vivo dissolution characteristics, and techniques to administer them by inhalation to laboratory animals and human volunteers. Methods used at the National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB), are described. Radiolabelled polystyrene and fused aluminosilicate particles have been developed for studying particle transport rates from the respiratory tract. 57Co-labelled cobalt oxide is being used to study ¿72 vivo dissolution and translocation. A new inhalation facility for administering radioactive aerosols to rodents was recently completed at NRPB, and equipment to administer aerosols to human volunteers under closely monitored and controlled conditions is being developed.

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“…Both techniques produce monodisperse droplets of polystyrene solution that dry to form solid particles. The STAG was used in a purpose built enclosure[11] from which the droplets were carried in air to a 25-L tank where the solvent evaporated and…”

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confidence: 99%

An experimental study of clearance of inhaled particles from the human nose

Smith¹,

Bailey²,

Etherington³

et al. 2010

Experimental Lung Research

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Retention in the extrathoracic airways, and clearance by nose blowing, of monodisperse indium-111-labeled polystyrene particles were followed for at least 2 days after inhalation by healthy volunteers. Nine volunteers inhaled 3-μm aerodynamic diameter particles while sitting at rest, whereas subgroups of 3 or 4 inhaled 1.5-μm or 6-μm particles at rest, and 3-μm or 6-μm particles while performing light exercise. Retention of the initial extrathoracic deposit (IETD) in the extrathoracic airways was described by 4 components: on average 19% IETD cleared by nose blowing; 15% was swallowed before the first measurement, a few minutes after inhalation; 21% cleared by mucociliary action between the first measurement and about an hour later; and 45% subsequently cleared by mucociliary action. Geometric mean times in which 50% and 90% of IETD cleared were 2.5 and 22 hours. The geometric mean retention fractions at 24 and 48 hours were 7% and 2.4% IETD, respectively. No clear trends were found between parameters describing retention and any related to deposition (e.g., particle size). However, the fraction cleared by nose blowing was related to the frequency of nose blowing and therefore appears to be a characteristic of the individual.

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Development of the Spinning Disk to Produce Monodisperse Aerosols in a Wide Range of Sizes

Cited by 4 publications

References 10 publications

Authentication of Particulate Air Samples by Aerosol

Authentication of Particulate Air Samples by Aerosol

Generation and Administration of Labelled Aerosols for Clearance Studies

An experimental study of clearance of inhaled particles from the human nose

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