Development of the properties of a carbon fibre reinforced thermosetting composite through cure

A new mechanism for the formation of ply wrinkles due to shear between plies

“…At very early stages in the cure cycle, the shear and Young's moduli of the resin are extremely low [10], allowing a certain amount ply movement to occur. Plies can move relative to both other plies and the tool surface.…”

A thermo-viscoelastic model of process-induced residual stresses in composite structures with considering thermal dependence

“…The distribution of temperature and degree of cure throughout the thickness of part can be neglected due to its thin thickness. Previous studies reported by Ersoy et al found that the tool-part interaction had substantial effects on the residual stresses and distortions in composite structures [5,19,44,45,[56][57][58][59]. The part is assumed to be connected to the mould and no slip is allowed during curing in this investigation.…”

Optimization of the Temperature-Time Curve for the Curing Process of Thermoset Matrix Composites

“…An implementation of genetic algorithms was provided by employing of the Genetic algorithm solver in program package Matlab R2013a 8.1. Figure 8 shows the flowchart of the hybrid neuro-genetic optimization approach used in this paper, which includes five main steps: (1) Generating of an initial population of individuals for the autoclave temperature, (2) Fitness evaluation of each chromosome and assigning of a fitness value for each chromosome by the developed neural models (LRNN1 and LRNN2), (3) Creating a population for the next generation by the genetic operations (selection, crossover and mutation) with the probabilities based on fitness of the each chromosome, (4) Sending of the new child generation to neural models as a new input parameter, and finally (5) Calculating of the fitness developed by the neural models.…”

“…It is well known that durability, interlaminar shear strength and modulus development in PMCs mainly rely on temperature history (affecting the cure reaction) and void percentage at the end of the curing process [3][4][5]. As a general rule, the higher is the curing temperature, the higher are the reaction rate and final DoC.…”