Development of the palaeogeography of Pangaea from Late Carboniferous to Early Permian

Vai, Gian Battista

doi:10.1016/s0031-0182(03)00316-x

Cited by 105 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…The NGU Permian volcanites have petrological and geochemical characteristics similar to those of a subduction related calc-alkaline suite. However, geological and tectonic evidence points to an intracontinental extensional regime, associated with the Late Paleozoic dextral transtensional tectonics caused by the relative motion of Gondwana and Laurasia (Vai 1991(Vai , 2003Ziegler 1993;Torsvik & Cocks 2004;Muttoni et al 2009). The NGU volcanic rocks may have been formed by an extensive crustal contamination of basaltic-intermediate magma (Group I) derived from an enriched lithospheric mantle source and by partial melting of newly accreted crust (Group II); 3.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First evidence for Permian-Triassic boundary volcanism in the Northern Gemericum: geochemistry and U-Pb zircon geochronology

Vozárová¹,

Presnyakov²,

Šarinová³

et al. 2015

Geologica Carpathica

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Several magmatic events based on U-Pb zircon geochronology were recognized in the Permian sedimentary succession of the Northern Gemeric Unit (NGU). The Kungurian magmatic event is dominant. The later magmatism stage was documented at the Permian-Triassic boundary. The detrital zircon assemblages from surrounding sediments documented the Sakmarian magmatic age. The post-orogenic extensional/transtensional faulting controlled the magma ascent and its emplacement. The magmatic products are represented by the calc-alkaline volcanic rocks, ranging from basaltic metaandesite to metarhyolite, associated with subordinate metabasalt. The whole group of the studied NGU Permian metavolcanics has values for the Nb/La ratio at (0.44-0.27) and for the Nb/U ratio at (9.55-4.18), which suggests that they represent mainly crustal melts. Magma derivation from continental crust or underplated crust is also indicated by high values of Y/Nb ratios, ranging from 1.63 to 4.01. The new 206 U-238 Pb zircon ages (concordia age at 269 ± 7 Ma) confirm the dominant Kungurian volcanic event in the NGU Permian sedimentary basin. Simultaneously, the Permian-Triassic boundary volcanism at 251 ± 4 Ma has been found for the first time. The NGU Permian volcanic activity was related to a polyphase extensional tectonic regime. Based on the new and previous U-Pb zircon ages, the bulk of the NGU Permian magmatic activity occurred during the Sakmarian and Kungurian. It was linked to the post-orogenic transpression/transtension tectonic movements that reflected the consolidation of the Variscan orogenic belt. The Permian-Triassic boundary magmatism was accompanied by extension, connected with the beginning of the Alpine Wilson cycle.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First evidence for Permian-Triassic boundary volcanism in the Northern Gemericum: geochemistry and U-Pb zircon geochronology

Vozárová¹,

Presnyakov²,

Šarinová³

et al. 2015

Geologica Carpathica

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“…Only during the time interval of 323-296 Ma are landmass and shallow marine areas nearly equal at about 14.0 %, and only during 359-285 Ma do ice sheet areas exceed mountain areas, but ice sheets only exist during 380-285, 81-58 and 37-2 Ma. With Pangea formation during the latest Carboniferous or the Early Permian and breakup initiation in the Early Jurassic (Blakey, 2003;Domeier et al, 2012;Lenardic, 2016;Stampfli et al, 2013;Vai, 2003;Veevers, 2004;Yeh and Shellnutt, 2016), these paleogeographic feature areas significantly change over time (Fig. 8).…”

Section: Revised Global Reconstructed Paleogeographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving global paleogeography since the late Paleozoic using paleobiology

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Paleogeographic reconstructions are important to understand Earth's tectonic evolution, past eustatic and regional sea level change, paleoclimate and ocean circulation, deep Earth resources and to constrain and interpret the dynamic topography predicted by mantle convection models. Global paleogeographic maps have been compiled and published, but they are generally presented as static maps with varying map projections, different time intervals represented by the maps and different plate motion models that underlie the paleogeographic reconstructions. This makes it difficult to convert the maps into a digital form and link them to alternative digital plate tectonic reconstructions. To address this limitation, we develop a workflow to restore global paleogeographic maps to their present-day coordinates and enable them to be linked to a different tectonic reconstruction. We use marine fossil collections from the Paleobiology Database to identify inconsistencies between their indicative paleoenvironments and published paleogeographic maps, and revise the locations of inferred paleo-coastlines that represent the estimated maximum transgression surfaces by resolving these inconsistencies. As a result, the consistency ratio between the paleogeography and the paleoenvironments indicated by the marine fossil collections is increased from an average of 75 % to nearly full consistency (100 %). The paleogeography in the main regions of North America, South America, Europe and Africa is significantly revised, especially in the Late Carboniferous, Middle Permian, Triassic, Jurassic, Late Cretaceous and most of the Cenozoic. The global flooded continental areas since the Early Devonian calculated from the revised paleogeography in this study are generally consistent with results derived from other paleoenvironment and paleo-lithofacies data and with the strontium isotope record in marine carbonates. We also estimate the terrestrial areal change over time associated with transferring reconstruction, filling gaps and modifying the paleogeographic geometries based on the paleobiology test. This indicates that the variation of the underlying plate reconstruction is the main factor that contributes to the terrestrial areal change, and the effect of revising paleogeographic geometries based on paleobiology is secondary.

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“…The post-Variscan successions -locally up to 2000 m in thickness -accumulated in three narrow transtensional basins mainly oriented WNW-ESE and NE-SW; towards the SE, these basins opened into the wider Paleotethys (Venturini, 1991;Massari et al, 1991;Schönlaub and Forke, 2007). Transtension was related to a dextral Pangean mega-shear zone (Arthaud and Matte, 1977;Vai, 2003), and was accompanied by a thermal event in the middle Permian (Schuster and Stüwe, 2008).…”

Section: Study Area and Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Permian carbonate shelf margin deposits: the type section of the Trogkofel Formation (Artinskian/Kungurian), Carnic Alps, Austria/Italy

Schaffhauser¹,

Krainer²,

Sanders³

2015

AJES

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Herein the type section of the Trogkofel Formation (Artinskian/Kungurian) in the Carnic Alps (Southern Alps) is described. The locus typicus is mount Trogkofel, where a succession up to ~500 m thick of reefal to peri-reefal limestones is exposed. In the pedestal of mount Trogkofel, a succession of shelf limestones (Zottachkopf Formation) is sharply overlain by the unbedded Trogkofel Formation. Farther north, at Zweikofel, the boundary between a package of shelf limestones (Zweikofel Formation), and the overlying, clino-bedded Trogkofel Formation is a disconformity. Deposition of the Trogkofel Formation started after a backstep from shelf deposition (Zottachkopf and Zweikofel Formations) to a carbonate shelf-margin setting with buildups. The backstep was associated with tectonism.The lower to middle part of the Trogkofel type section is characterized by patch buildups grown in a foreslope to uppermost slope setting. Main buildup facies includes Tubiphytes-bryozoan-algal-cement boundstones, botryoidal-fibrous cementstones with Archaeolithoporella, and phylloid-algal bafflestones. The buildups are intercalated with intervals up to 10-15 m thick of bioclastic limestones. The upper ~100 m of the type section consist primarily of bioclastic grainstones rich in fusulinid tests and fragments of calcareous green algae; the bioclastic grainstone intervals episodically aggraded at least to near sea-level. The upper part of the section may result from (i) a shoaling because of moderate progradation-aggradation of the platform, or because of eustatic or tectonic sea-level lowering, and/or (ii) changed patterns of offbank sediment dispersal. In the Trogkofel Formation, soft-sediment to brittle deformation features record syn-to early post-depositional tectonism. Within paleokarstic caverns, 'intra-seismites' are represented by discrete, stacked packages of internal sediments with convolute lamination and/or intrabrecciation.Deposition of the Trogkofel Formation was terminated by uplift and subaerial truncation. Karstic caverns filled with geopetallylaminated lime mudstones to wackestones (typically dolomitized), and with caymanitic layers, reach to the base of the formation. Syndepositional deformation, and the uplift that terminated deposition of the Trogkofel Formation, may be related to the 'Saalian tectonic phase' . The truncation surface that caps the Trogkofel Formation is onlapped by carbonate-lithic breccias (Tarvis Breccia) that, on mount Trogkofel, probably accumulated from hillslope colluvium. The entire Tarvis Breccia and the upper part of the Trogkofel Formation are replaced by epigenetic dolomite. Down-section, dolomitization is tied to fractures and adjacent host rock, and to paleokarstic cavities and their vicinity. Dolomitization tapers out towards the base of the formation. Late-stage fractures and dissolution pores are filled with saddle dolomite.In dieser Arbeit wird das Typus-Profil der Trogkofel-Formation (Artinskium/Kungurium) in den Karnischen Alpen (Südalpen) beschrieben. Am locus typicus, dem...

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Development of the palaeogeography of Pangaea from Late Carboniferous to Early Permian

Cited by 105 publications

References 87 publications

First evidence for Permian-Triassic boundary volcanism in the Northern Gemericum: geochemistry and U-Pb zircon geochronology

First evidence for Permian-Triassic boundary volcanism in the Northern Gemericum: geochemistry and U-Pb zircon geochronology

Improving global paleogeography since the late Paleozoic using paleobiology

Early Permian carbonate shelf margin deposits: the type section of the Trogkofel Formation (Artinskian/Kungurian), Carnic Alps, Austria/Italy

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