Development of the Neuroendocrine Hypothalamus

Placzek, Marysia; Fu, Travis; Towers, Matthew

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-40002-6_1

Cited by 6 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Placzek and Briscoe ( 2005 ), Manning et al ( 2006 ), Fu et al ( 2019 ) and Placzek et al ( 2020 ) misinterpreted in our opinion Shh -expressing cells observed in midsagittal sections at the chicken rostral diencephalic ventral midline as an “anterior floor plate” (no doubt assuming wrongly that Shh is always a floor plate marker). Actually, these median cells correspond to the Shh -expressing basal acroterminal subdomain.…”

Section: The Hypothalamus In the Updated Prosomeric Modelmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Actually, these median cells correspond to the Shh -expressing basal acroterminal subdomain. Placzek and collaborators (Fu et al, 2019 ; Placzek et al, 2020 ) seem to have assimilated this particular notion, but conjecture a mixture of columnar and prosomeric notions in the form of a novel “anisotropic model of basal hypothalamic development.” Why the model should attend only to basal development remains unclear. In general, these authors seem to imagine the whole hypothalamus as represented by its midline.…”

Section: The Hypothalamus In the Updated Prosomeric Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The hypothalamus presents along its acroterminal domain (AT) at least two postulated AP dimension organizers (alar and basal AT of Puelles, 2017 ), possibly set in place under prechordal, anterior visceral endoderm and ANR influence. The alar and basal parts of the AT express genes coding for SHH receptors (e.g., LRP2, Christ et al, 2012 ), Shh response elements ( Gli3 , Haddad-Tóvolli et al, 2015 ), SHH repressors ( Tbx2/3 , Manning et al, 2006 ; Pontecorvi et al, 2008 ), diffusible morphogens of the Fgf and Bmp families (Manning et al, 2006 ; Ferran et al, 2015 ; Fu et al, 2017 ; Placzek et al, 2020 ). These are differently combined at the alar and basal parts of the acroterminal region, though the accrued data suggest further DV regionalization of the AT; some data commented below suggest distinct acroterminal mamillary and acroterminal tuberal organizers ( Figures 6A,B ; Ferran et al, 2015 ; Puelles and Rubenstein, 2015 ; Puelles, 2017 ).…”

Section: Morphogenetic Organizer Centers Of the Hypothalamusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The anteroposterior (AP) patterning effects are interpreted as affecting the DV dimension of the hypothalamus within the columnar tradition (e.g., Kapsimali et al, 2004 ). There is also a novel hybrid model proposed by Placzek and collaborators (Fu et al, 2019 ; Placzek et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Morphogenetic Organizer Centers Of the Hypothalamusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The hypothalamus is a highly complex brain territory held to regulate homeostasis and multiple visceral and somatic functions, many of them mediated by the pituitary gland (Saper and Lowell, 2014 ; Placzek et al, 2020 ). Because of the remarkable structural heterogeneity of the hypothalamus, the detailed organization of its intrinsic circuitry related to the brain functions it controls remains imperfectly known.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developmental Genes and Malformations in the Hypothalamus

Dı́az

Puelles

2020

Front. Neuroanat.

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The hypothalamus is a heterogeneous rostral forebrain region that regulates physiological processes essential for survival, energy metabolism, and reproduction, mainly mediated by the pituitary gland. In the updated prosomeric model, the hypothalamus represents the rostralmost forebrain, composed of two segmental regions (terminal and peduncular hypothalamus), which extend respectively into the non-evaginated preoptic telencephalon and the evaginated pallio-subpallial telencephalon. Complex genetic cascades of transcription factors and signaling molecules rule their development. Alterations of some of these molecular mechanisms acting during forebrain development are associated with more or less severe hypothalamic and pituitary dysfunctions, which may be associated with brain malformations such as holoprosencephaly or septo-optic dysplasia. Studies on transgenic mice with mutated genes encoding critical transcription factors implicated in hypothalamic-pituitary development are contributing to understanding the high clinical complexity of these pathologies. In this review article, we will analyze first the complex molecular genoarchitecture of the hypothalamus resulting from the activity of previous morphogenetic signaling centers and secondly some malformations related to alterations in genes implicated in the development of the hypothalamus.

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Section: The Hypothalamus In the Updated Prosomeric Modelmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: The Hypothalamus In the Updated Prosomeric Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Morphogenetic Organizer Centers Of the Hypothalamusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Morphogenetic Organizer Centers Of the Hypothalamusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developmental Genes and Malformations in the Hypothalamus

Dı́az

Puelles

2020

Front. Neuroanat.

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Development and Developmental Disorders of the Forebrain

ten Donkelaar,

Lammens,

Cruysberg

et al. 2023

Clinical Neuroembryology

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The neural cell adhesion molecule NrCAM regulates development of hypothalamic tanycytes

Moore

Chinnaiya

Kim

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Hypothalamic tanycytes are neural stem and progenitor cells, but little is known of how they are regulated. Here we provide evidence that the cell adhesion molecule, NrCAM, regulates tanycytes in the adult niche. NrCAM is strongly expressed in adult mouse tanycytes. Immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization analysis revealed that NrCAM loss of function leads to both a reduced number of tanycytes and reduced expression of tanycyte-specific cell markers, along with a small reduction in tyrosine hydroxylase-positive arcuate neurons. Similar analyses of NrCAM mutants at E16 identify few changes in gene expression or cell composition, indicating that NrCAM regulates tanycytes, rather than early embryonic hypothalamic development. Neurosphere and organotypic assays support the idea that NrCAM governs cellular homeostasis. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) shows that tanycyte-specific genes, including a number that are implicated in thyroid hormone metabolism, show reduced expression in the mutant mouse. However, the mild tanycyte depletion and loss of markers observed in NrCAM-deficient mice were associated with only a subtle metabolic phenotype.

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Development of the Neuroendocrine Hypothalamus

Cited by 6 publications

References 70 publications

Developmental Genes and Malformations in the Hypothalamus

Developmental Genes and Malformations in the Hypothalamus

Development and Developmental Disorders of the Forebrain

The neural cell adhesion molecule NrCAM regulates development of hypothalamic tanycytes

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