Development of the Mandarin Nonsense Word Identification Test

Cheoy, Lai Pheng; Chong, Foong Yen; Mazlan, Rafidah; Lim, Hui Woan

doi:10.1080/14992027.2020.1864485

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 27 publications

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“…Tokens that had unintentional distortions, clicks, noise and uneven tone contours were removed. 34 Subsequently, four listeners were asked to listen to the remaining tokens of each syllable and (1) type out what they thought the syllable was and (2) pick the token that sounded the most natural. The four listeners consisted of two audiologists and two speech therapists, all of whom are native Singapore Mandarin speakers.…”

Section: Phase 2: Creation Of Phonologically Balanced Word Listsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of phonologically-balanced and perceptually equivalent Singapore Mandarin word lists for word recognition test

Soh

Loo

2023

Proceedings of Singapore Healthcare

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Background Word recognition tests must be conducted in the native language of the listener to obtain valid word recognition scores. Existing Singapore Mandarin speech audiometry test materials that are disyllabic lack in sensitivity and are not phonologically balanced. Objective The purpose of this study was to address those limitations and develop a set of word lists for testing speakers of Singapore Mandarin. Methods The word lists were developed over three phases. (1) Frequently occurring words were chosen from a database consisting of subtitles from local Mandarin programmes, and subjected to familiarity rating by 50 native Singapore Mandarin speakers. (2) Phonologically balanced word lists were created and professionally recorded using words rated as familiar in phase 1. (3) Psychometric curves of words were obtained from 20 normal-hearing native speakers and word lists were analysed for perceptual equivalence. Results Sixteen phonologically balanced word lists consisting of 25 monosyllables each were created in phase 2. Eight of the 16 lists were found to be perceptually equivalent. Conclusion Word lists developed in this study addressed the limitations of existing Singapore Mandarin speech audiometry materials. The word lists need to be validated with normal-hearing and hearing-impaired Singapore Mandarin speakers before they can be used clinically.

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Section: Phase 2: Creation Of Phonologically Balanced Word Listsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of phonologically-balanced and perceptually equivalent Singapore Mandarin word lists for word recognition test

Soh

Loo

2023

Proceedings of Singapore Healthcare

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Chinese Emotional Speech Audiometry Project (CESAP): Establishment and Validation of a New Material Set With Emotionally Neutral Disyllabic Words

Tang,

Gong,

Zhang

et al. 2024

J Speech Lang Hear Res

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Purpose: The Chinese Emotional Speech Audiometry Project (CESAP) aims to establish a new material set for Chinese speech audiometry tests, which can be used in both neutral and emotional prosody settings. As the first endeavor of CESAP, this study demonstrates the development of the material foundation and reports its validation in neutral prosody. Method: In the development step, 40 phonetically balanced word lists consisting of 30 Chinese disyllabic words with neutral valence were first generated. In a following affective rating experiment, 35 word lists were qualified for validation based on the familiarity and valence ratings from 30 normal-hearing (NH) participants. For validation, performance-intensity functions of each word list were fitted with responses from 60 NH subjects under six presentation levels (−1, 3, 5, 7, 11, and 20 dB HL). The final material set was determined by the intelligibility scores at each decibel level and the mean slopes. Results: First, 35 lists satisfied the criteria of phonetic balance, limited repetitions, high familiarity, and neutral valence and were selected for validation. Second, 15 lists were compiled in the final material set based on the pairwise differences in intelligibility scores and the fitted 20%–80% slopes. The established material set had high reliability and validity and was sensitive to detect intelligibility changes (50% slope: 6.20%/dB; 20%–80% slope: 5.45%/dB), with small covariance of variation for thresholds (15%), 50% slope (12%), and 20%–80% slope (12%). Conclusion: Our final material set of 15 word lists takes the initiative to control the emotional aspect of audiometry tests, which enriches available Mandarin speech recognition materials and warrants future assessments in emotional prosody among populations with hearing impairments. Supplemental Material: https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.25742814

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The Mandarin Chinese Speech Database: A Large Corpus for Auditory Neutral Nonsense Pseudo-Sentences

Zhou,

Li,

2024

Preprint

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Word frequency, context, and length are three core elements that impact speech perception. Considering the limitations of previous Chinese stimulus databases, such as non-standardized sentence structures, uncontrolled emotional information that may exist in semantics, and a relatively small number of voice items, we developed an abundant and reliable Chinese Mandarin nonsense pseudo-sentences database with fixed syntax (pronoun + subject + adverbial + predicate + pronoun + object), lengths (6 two-character words), and high-frequency words in daily life. The high-frequency keywords (subject, predicate, and object) were extracted from China Daily. Ten native Chinese participants (five women and five men) evaluated the sentences. After removing sentences with potential emotional and semantic content valence, 3,148 meaningless neutral sentence text remained. The sentences were recorded by six native speakers (three males and three females) with broadcasting experience in a neutral tone. After examining and standardizing all the voices, 18,820 audio files were included in the corpus (https://osf.io/ra3gm/?view_only=98c3b6f1ee7747d3b3bcd60313cf395f). For each speaker, 12 acoustic parameters (duration, F0 mean, F0 standard deviation, F0 minimum, F0 maximum, harmonics-to-noise ratio, jitter, shimmer, in-tensity, root-mean-square amplitude, spectral center of gravity, and spectral spread) were retrieved, and there were significant gender differences in the acoustic features (all p < 0.001). This database could be valuable for researchers and clinicians to investigate rich topics, such as children’s reading ability, speech recognition abilities in different populations, and oral cues for orofacial movement training in stutterers.

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Development of the Mandarin Nonsense Word Identification Test

Cited by 3 publications

References 27 publications

Development of phonologically-balanced and perceptually equivalent Singapore Mandarin word lists for word recognition test

Development of phonologically-balanced and perceptually equivalent Singapore Mandarin word lists for word recognition test

Chinese Emotional Speech Audiometry Project (CESAP): Establishment and Validation of a New Material Set With Emotionally Neutral Disyllabic Words

The Mandarin Chinese Speech Database: A Large Corpus for Auditory Neutral Nonsense Pseudo-Sentences

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