Development of the Italian version of the trunk impairment scale in subjects with acute and chronic stroke. Cross-cultural adaptation, reliability, validity and responsiveness

Monticone, Marco; Ambrosini, Emilia; Verheyden, Geert; Brivio, Flavia; Brunati, Roberto; Longoni, Luca; Mauri, Gaia; Molteni, Alberto; Nava, Claudia; Rocca, Barbara; Ferrante, Simona

doi:10.1080/09638288.2017.1373409

Cited by 17 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Conversely, we did not find significant correlation between the score of the TIS scale and the normalized reaching distance. This may be the case because the TIS evaluates only trunk control abilities in static conditions [ 30 , 54 ], while, as mentioned above, the TUG requires dynamic trunk control [ 32 ] as the MFRT. Moreover, the TIS is a more subjective scale, based on the evaluation of the operator and on a discrete rating score [ 16 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modified Functional Reach Test: Upper-Body Kinematics and Muscular Activity in Chronic Stroke Survivors

Marchesi

Ballardini

Barone

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Effective control of trunk muscles is fundamental to perform most daily activities. Stroke affects this ability also when sitting, and the Modified Functional Reach Test is a simple clinical method to evaluate sitting balance. We characterize the upper body kinematics and muscular activity during this test. Fifteen chronic stroke survivors performed twice, in separate sessions, three repetitions of the test in forward and lateral directions with their ipsilesional arm. We focused our analysis on muscles of the trunk and of the contralesional, not moving, arm. The bilateral activations of latissimi dorsi, trapezii transversalis and oblique externus abdominis were left/right asymmetric, for both test directions, except for the obliquus externus abdominis in the frontal reaching. Stroke survivors had difficulty deactivating the contralesional muscles at the end of each trial, especially the trapezii trasversalis in the lateral direction. The contralesional, non-moving arm had muscular activations modulated according to the movement phases of the moving arm. Repeating the task led to better performance in terms of reaching distance, supported by an increased activation of the trunk muscles. The reaching distance correlated negatively with the time-up-and-go test score.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modified Functional Reach Test: Upper-Body Kinematics and Muscular Activity in Chronic Stroke Survivors

Marchesi

Ballardini

Barone

et al. 2021

Sensors

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“…In this study, we detected clinically relevant changes in the primary mobility outcome measure and clinical trunk scale after trunk training as reported in literature-observed changes for the total Tinetti POMA, gait subscale, and the TIS were equal or greater than the minimal clinically important change of 6, 3, and 4, respectively. 25,28,33 People with stroke tend to have more difficulties with temporal than spatial adjustments during walking, which make them rely more on step length then step time to improve mobility and adjusting stride frequency. 34 Taking larger steps can be the result of increased hip extension amplitudes, more ankle plantar flexor power or greater pelvic rotations.…”

Section: [H2]variables Of Interestmentioning

confidence: 99%

SWEAT2 Study: Effectiveness of Trunk Training on Gait and Trunk Kinematics After Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial

et al. 2020

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Objective Trunk training after stroke is an effective method for improving mobility, yet underlying associations leading to the observed mobility carryover effects are unknown. The purposes of this study were to investigate the effectiveness of trunk training for gait and trunk kinematics and to find explanatory variables for the mobility carryover effects. Methods This study was an assessor-masked randomized controlled trial. Participants received either additional trunk training (n = 19) or cognitive training (n = 20) after subacute stroke. Outcome measures were the Tinetti Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA), the Trunk Impairment Scale, spatiotemporal gait parameters, center-of-mass excursions, and trunk and lower limb kinematics during walking. Multivariate analysis with post hoc analysis was performed to observe treatment effects. Correlation and an exploratory regression analysis were used to examine associations with the mobility carryover effects. Results Significant improvements after trunk training, compared with the findings for the control group, were found for the Trunk Impairment Scale, Tinetti POMA, walking speed, step length, step width, horizontal/vertical center-of-mass excursions, and trunk kinematics. No significant differences were observed in lower limb kinematics. Anteroposterior excursions of the trunk were associated with 30% of the variability in the mobility carryover effects. Conclusions Carryover effects of trunk control were present during ambulation. Decreased anteroposterior movements of the thorax were the main variable explaining higher scores on the Tinetti POMA Gait subscale. However, the implementation and generalizability of this treatment approach in a clinical setting are laborious and limited, necessitating further research. Impact Trunk training is an effective strategy for improving mobility after stroke. Regaining trunk control should be considered an important treatment goal early after stroke to adequately prepare patients for walking.

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“…This gain was very close to the minimal clinically important difference for TIS, which has been reported to be 3.5 in subacute stroke. (15) The number of patients, in our study, with a mean TIS gain of over 3.5 points was 160 (27.7%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Truncal impairment after stroke: clinical correlates, outcome and impact on ambulatory and functional outcomes after rehabilitation

Kh¹,

R²

2021

smedj

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Development of the Italian version of the trunk impairment scale in subjects with acute and chronic stroke. Cross-cultural adaptation, reliability, validity and responsiveness

Cited by 17 publications

References 26 publications

Modified Functional Reach Test: Upper-Body Kinematics and Muscular Activity in Chronic Stroke Survivors

Modified Functional Reach Test: Upper-Body Kinematics and Muscular Activity in Chronic Stroke Survivors

SWEAT2 Study: Effectiveness of Trunk Training on Gait and Trunk Kinematics After Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Truncal impairment after stroke: clinical correlates, outcome and impact on ambulatory and functional outcomes after rehabilitation

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