Existing measurement methods using microscopes or surface roughness measurement instruments for surface control in manufacturing die are low in their efficiency when they are applied in industrial fields due to structural problems. Therefore, it is very important to develop a measurement and analysis system which can enhance efficiency in the measurement of different-sized manufacturing dies and provide quality control regardless of location. This study aimed at the development of a portable surface measurement system to satisfy this need. This measurement system was designed and manufactured in such a way as to divide it into three parts: the Base, the Body, and the Optical system. As a result of testing the system, the surface roughness was measured with an accuracy between 94.9 and 99.9%, and the deviation in the measurement value of a circle was within 2㎛.