Development of the Immune System - Early Nutrition and Consequences for Later Life

Kerperien, JoAnn; Schouten, Barbara C.; Boehm, Günther; Willemsen, Linette E. M.; Garssen, Johan; Knippels, L.M.J.; Land, Belinda van‘t

doi:10.5772/37902

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…The microbial population established in the initial stages of life has a profound impact on epigenetic programming and future homeostasis and well-being of the individual ( Palmer et al, 2007 ; Canani et al, 2011 ). In this way, it is known that maternal and neonatal under-nutrition may promote an inadequate gut microbiota composition and functionality, accounting for deviant programming of later immunity and of regulation of genes involved in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism ( Canani et al, 2011 ; Kerperien et al, 2012 ).…”

Section: Intestinal Microbiota Immune System and Nutritional Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

The human intestinal microbiome at extreme ages of life. Dietary intervention as a way to counteract alterations

et al. 2014

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The intestinal microbiome is defined as the assembly of genomes from microorganisms inhabiting the gut. This microbial ecosystem regulates important functions of the host and its correct composition and functionality is essential for a “healthy status.” Metagenomic studies have highlighted variations of the intestinal microbiota as a function of age and diet. Colonization of the infant gut starts at birth and is influenced by feeding habits (formula vs. breast-feeding), birth mode and antibiotic exposure. The intestinal microbiota of full-term vaginally delivered breast-fed infants is considered the gold-standard, representing the reference for studies of alterations in other pediatric populations. At 2–3 years of age, the intestinal microbiota reaches a composition similar to adults, remaining without noticeable variations until senescence, when microbial instability and changes reappear. Here we summarize the current knowledge on intestinal microbiota alterations at extreme stages of life and tools for designing differentiated nutritional strategies by the use of probiotics, prebiotics and specific nutrients in order to restore a balanced microbiota and to improve immune and nutritional status.

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Section: Intestinal Microbiota Immune System and Nutritional Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

The human intestinal microbiome at extreme ages of life. Dietary intervention as a way to counteract alterations

et al. 2014

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“…The study of the microbiome during the last years laid the foundation for considering it as a vital organ or key factor for maintaining a healthy status. Moreover, it is known that its correct establishment at the beginning of life will entail consequences for later life [ 14 , 70 ]. Bifidobacterium is one of the dominant genera in the early microbiota and was recurrently linked to a healthy status [ 53 , 58 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Intrapartum Antibiotics Prophylaxis on the Bifidobacterial Establishment within the Neonatal Gut

et al. 2021

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Antibiotics are important disruptors of the intestinal microbiota establishment, linked to immune and metabolic alterations. The intrapartum antibiotics prophylaxis (IAP) is a common clinical practice that is present in more than 30% of labours, and is known to negatively affect the gut microbiota composition. However, little is known about how it affects to Bifidobacterium (sub)species level, which is one of the most important intestinal microbial genera early in life. This study presents qualitative and quantitative analyses of the bifidobacterial (sub)species populations in faecal samples, collected at 2, 10, 30 and 90 days of life, from 43 healthy full-term babies, sixteen of them delivered after IAP use. This study uses both 16S rRNA–23S rRNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region sequencing and q-PCR techniques for the analyses of the relative proportions and absolute levels, respectively, of the bifidobacterial populations. Our results show that the bifidobacterial populations establishment is affected by the IAP at both quantitative and qualitative levels. This practice can promote higher bifidobacterial diversity and several changes at a compositional level. This study underlines specific targets for developing gut microbiota-based products for favouring a proper bifidobacterial microbiota development when IAP is required.

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Constipation – actual problem in pregnancy

Романенко

Морозова

2021

RHW

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The objective: is to develop a complex program for the treatment of constipation in pregnant women, including the use of Probiotic.Materials and methods. 60 pregnant women were surveyed: 30 women of group I received the proposed treatment-and-prophylactic measures, and in 30 pregnant women of group II pregnancy was conducted by traditional methods.In order to improve the intestinal microflora of pregnant women of group I was prescribed: universal Probiotic 1 capsule per os 3 times per day for 30 days 2 courses – at 12–16 and 26–30 weeks of pregnancy.Results. In pregnant of group I increased the obligate flora with a decrease in their baseline, that is, only 10.0% of women of bifidobacteria did not exceed 105 CFU/ml and accordingly 6.7% indigenous lactoflora was less than 105 CFU/ml. At the same time, the number of women with reduced obligate flora who did not receive treatment for intestinal dysbiosis remained significantly higher (p<0.05).The number of pregnant with dysbiosis among women in group I (46.7 %) was significantly lower compared to women in group II (100.0%). The III degree of dysbiosis was not observed in any case with the proposed treatment, but it occurred in every third pregnant group II. Significant increase in the normal population of bifidobacteria and lactobacteria (105 and higher CFU/ml) was observed in pregnant women of group I. Symptoms of threat of termination of pregnancy in women of group II (20,0%), and in patients of group I – (10,0%). Premature discharge of amniotic fluid, was found to be significantly less frequent (23.3% versus 46.6% in group II, p<0.05).The threat of preterm birth was recorded in 10.0% of pregnant women in group II, and in group I in one woman (3.3%). Anemia was more common in group II than in pregnant group I (56.7% versus 26.7%). The decrease in the frequency of exacerbation of chronic and the occurrence of gestational pyelonephritis among pregnant women of the I group was determined.Conclusions. The conducted researches showed high efficiency of application of symbiotic of Probiotic for the purpose of normalization of evacuation function of intestine in pregnancy, normalization of intestinal microflora. This, in turn, helped to reduce the frequency of the threat of termination of pregnancy, premature discharge of amniotic fluid, premature birth, anemia, exacerbation of pyelonephritis.

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Development of the Immune System - Early Nutrition and Consequences for Later Life

Cited by 3 publications

References 96 publications

The human intestinal microbiome at extreme ages of life. Dietary intervention as a way to counteract alterations

The human intestinal microbiome at extreme ages of life. Dietary intervention as a way to counteract alterations

Effect of Intrapartum Antibiotics Prophylaxis on the Bifidobacterial Establishment within the Neonatal Gut

Constipation – actual problem in pregnancy

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