Development of the Chinese version of the Hooper Visual Organization Test

Abstract

The present study consisted of two phases: development and psychometric validation of a Chinese version of the Hooper Visual Organization Test (HVOT) using Rasch analysis and the provision of normative data on the basis of a representative sample of the Chinese-speaking population. The HVOT was administered to 1008 healthy adults aged 15-79 years, 60 patients with stroke, and 60 patients with schizophrenia. The results indicated that with 12 items removed, the resulting 18-item scale was found to be unidimensional, with satisfactory internal consistency and no evidence of differential item functioning or bias for age, sex and educational level. There were significant differences between each of the two patient groups and normal controls on the scores of the Rasch-developed measure. All test-retest coefficients exceeded 90 in patient samples. As performance on the Chinese version decreases with age and lower years of education, regression-based normative data that took age and education into account were established. A cut-off score of 21.5, out of an x-y range, the higher the better, resulted in a sensitivity of 0.86 and a specificity of 0.68. The normative data presented here will enable clinicians to determine different levels of visuosynthetic impairments more precisely.

Effects of sepsis on hippocampal volume and memory function

“…All sepsis patients completed the test within one month after discharge, and participants in the control group completed the test within one month after joining the study. The assessments included the following cognitive functions: (1) general intelligence test using the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III (Chinese translation version); [19] (2) visual evaluation using the Hooper Visual Organization Test; [20] (3) memory function using the California Verbal Learning Test-II (CVLT-II); [21] (4) attention using the Stroop Test (ST); [22] (5) executive function using the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test; [23] (6) working memory using the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT 2 and 3); [24] and (7) changes in the familiarity and recognition functions in memory using the process dissociation procedure (PDP) test. [25]…”

Preliminary normative data for the Hooper Visual Organization Test for a South African sample

“…The HVOT is easy to administer and sensitive to the detection of visuospatial deficits that link to a wide range of neuropathologies (Booth & Happé, 2018;Boyd, 1981;Eberson, 2014;Ferreira-Correia, Anderson, Cockcroft & Krause, 2020;Gasparini et al, 2008;Mitolo et al, 2016;Paxton et al, 2007;Sanz Cortés, Olivares Crespo & Barcia Albacar, 2011). It has been found to be valid and reliable in different populations (Campagna & Ferreira-Correia, 2021;Giannakou & Kosmidis, 2006;Greve, Lindberg, Bianchini & Adams, 2000;Lin, Su, Guo & Wuang, 2012;Lopez, Lazar & Oh, 2003), although differences in cultural item appropriateness and item ranking have been noted (Merten & Beal, 1999;Su, Lin, Wu & Wuang, 2013). Moreover, achievement on the test seems to be influenced by age (DeVries, 2005;Miller et al, 2015;Su et al, 2013), level of education and gender (Campagna & Ferreira-Correia, 2021;Elias et al, 2011;Giannakou & Kosmidis, 2006;Merten & Beal, 1999).…”

“…It has been found to be valid and reliable in different populations (Campagna & Ferreira-Correia, 2021;Giannakou & Kosmidis, 2006;Greve, Lindberg, Bianchini & Adams, 2000;Lin, Su, Guo & Wuang, 2012;Lopez, Lazar & Oh, 2003), although differences in cultural item appropriateness and item ranking have been noted (Merten & Beal, 1999;Su, Lin, Wu & Wuang, 2013). Moreover, achievement on the test seems to be influenced by age (DeVries, 2005;Miller et al, 2015;Su et al, 2013), level of education and gender (Campagna & Ferreira-Correia, 2021;Elias et al, 2011;Giannakou & Kosmidis, 2006;Merten & Beal, 1999).…”