Development of the Brief Ageing Perceptions Questionnaire (B-APQ): a confirmatory factor analysis approach to item reduction

Abstract

BackgroundThis paper aimed to develop a short version of the 32-item Ageing Perceptions Questionnaire (APQ), a multi-dimensional measure based on Leventhal's self-regulation model. Ageing perceptions are a key area of interest for large-scale surveys of ageing populations. As these studies capture a broad range of health and social variables, included instruments need to be as concise as possible.MethodsData from the Irish Longitudinal Study of Ageing (TILDA), a representative sample of community-dwelling individuals aged 50+ (n = 6,718), was used to revise the scale. Items for exclusion were identified by examining conceptual content, descriptive statistics, and by detecting sources of poor model fit using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Potential combinations of dimensions were also tested using CFA. Finally, we identified any dimensions that could be excluded without limiting the conceptual coverage and coherence of the scale. Model modifications were done sequentially and with regard to theoretical considerations. Internal consistency and construct validity of the concise scale were compared with the longer version.ResultsInitially, 11 items were excluded on the basis of conceptual and empirical overlap with other items. CFA indicated that the negative-control and negative-consequences dimensions could be combined, allowing us to exclude a further item from this dimension. The 5-item timeline-cyclical dimension was also excluded, as it was less well-established conceptually and empirically than the other dimensions. The final 17-item, 5-dimension model was consistent with the original conceptual model and fit the data well (chi-sq = 1433.54, df(109), p < 0.01, RMSEA = 0.04, CFI = 0.97, TLI = 0.96).ConclusionsThe Brief-APQ (B-APQ) is a concise, multi-dimensional measure of ageing perceptions, which is psychometrically valid for use with the Irish population aged 50+. The concise version preserved the internal consistency and construct validity of the original. Its brevity makes it particularly suitable for use with large-scale adult population surveys. The psychometric analysis supports the application of the self-regulation model to ageing perceptions, but also the existence of distinct "physical decline" and "ongoing development" dimensions of perceptions.

The Mini-OAKHQOL for knee and hip osteoarthritis quality of life was obtained following recent shortening guidelines

“…As stressed by Goetz et al [12], and adopted or endorsed by other authors [29][30][31], the shortening process should preserve the conceptual model and as best possible retain the content of the original (long) instrument. In this work, the primary concern of content validity led us to "favor experts over statistics" for the selection of items, making each decision to reject or to keep an item according to relevance to the construct measured.…”

The self‐perceptions of aging were an important factor associated with the quality of life in Chinese elderly with hypertension

“…This study found that the dimension of Timeline Chronic scored lower and obviously had an impact on both PCS and MCS. It is negatively associated with PCS, as reported by Sexton et al 39 As growing older and their health declining, patients adopt aging gradually, 40,41 which resulted in decreased PCS. In contrast, the score of Timeline Chronic was positively associated with MCS.…”

Yaşlılığı Algılama Anketi Kısa Formu (Brief Aging Perceptions Questionnaire: B-APQ) Türkçe Versiyonu: Geçerlilik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması

“…Araştırmacılar tarafından yapılan literatür 3,4,17,20 taraması doğrultusunda hazırlanmış olan form; yaşlı bireylerin, yaş, cinsiyet, medeni durum, eğitim düzeyi gibi sosyo-demografik özelliklerini içeren 11 sorudan oluşmaktadır. Barker…”

“…Ancak, ülkemizde yaşlanma kavramının yaşlılar tarafından nasıl algılandığını yani diğer bir ifadeyle subjektif yaş algısını değerlendiren geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracına rastlanmamıştır. Bu araştırmanın amacı Türk toplumundaki yaşlı bireylerin yaşlılığı nasıl algıladığını değerlendirmek için Sexton ve arkadaşları (2014) 17 tarafından geliştirilen "Yaşlılığı Algılama Anketi Kısa Formu"nun Türk toplumu için geçerlilik ve güvenirlik çalışmasının yapılmasıdır. Yaşlılığın ülkemizdeki yaşlılar için taşıdığı anlam ve bu yaşlıların toplumdan beklentilerinin objektif ölçüm araçlarıyla belirlenmesi pozitif yaşlılık algısı geliştirmek için yapılacak olan çalışmalar için veri kaynağı olacaktır.…”