Development of the agar medium inoculation method for the pathogenic test of &lt;I&gt;Phytophthora sojae&lt;/I&gt;

Sugimoto, Takuma; Aino, Masataka; Onishi, Toshiharu; Shiwaku, Kuniko

doi:10.4165/kapps1958.45.0_93

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…In 2004, 23 isolates of P. sojae were collected from infected soybean plants obtained from several soybean-producing fields in Japan. These isolates were examined for pathogenicity using a virulence test (27,29) on G. max cv. Chusei-Hikarikuro (black soybean, provided by the Tokachi Federation of Agricultural Cooperatives in Hokkaido, Japan).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chusei-Hikarikuro (black soybean, provided by the Tokachi Federation of Agricultural Cooperatives in Hokkaido, Japan). The virulence evaluations of isolates were per-formed using the agar medium inoculation method (27,29) as described previously, which is a modification of the hypocotyl inoculation method (7). One isolate (PJ-H30; race E) (30) was chosen because it showed highly aggressive growth on cv.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Select Calcium Compounds Reduce the Severity of Phytophthora Stem Rot of Soybean

et al. 2008

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This study investigated the effects of several calcium compounds on Phytophthora stem rot of soybean (Glycine max) and fungal growth and zoospore release of a Phytophthora sojae isolate in vitro. All concentrations of five formulated calcium products [Ca(COOH)2-A, Ca(COOH)2-B, Ca(COOH)2-C, CaSO4-A, and CaCl2-A] and two chemical compounds [CaCl2 and Ca(NO3)2] applied prior to inoculation significantly suppressed disease incidence. Among all the products and chemicals, Ca(COOH)2-A was the most effective in suppressing the incidence of disease. In most cases, no significant relationship was observed between inhibition of growth rate in vitro and disease reduction in growth chamber tests. Therefore, disease suppression recorded in laboratory experiments using pathogen mycelium was likely due to the responses of plant tissues rather than the direct inhibition of pathogen fungal growth by the calcium compounds. The extent of disease reduction was related to increased calcium uptake by plants, suggesting that calcium was the effective element in reducing Phytophthora stem rot. Seedling tray experiments using zoospores indicated that the application of 10 mM Ca(COOH)2-A was more effective for reducing incidence of disease under growth chamber conditions, compared to other concentrations. The presence of 4 to 20 mM of all seven calcium solutions decreased the release of zoospores, although 0.4 mM of all compounds significantly increased zoospore release. Therefore, disease reduction in the growth-chamber experiments was due to the multiple effects of direct suppression on zoospore release and fungal growth in combination with the response of the host plant tissue to Ca(COOH)2-A.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Select Calcium Compounds Reduce the Severity of Phytophthora Stem Rot of Soybean

et al. 2008

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“…An additional cultivar (in which the Rps gene was unknown), Waseshiroge, was resistant to most of the isolates of P. sojae obtained from Hokkaido (Tsuchiya et al 1990). The virulence of each isolate was evaluated after hypocotyl inoculation (Laviolette and Athow 1981), as modified by Sugimoto et al (2003Sugimoto et al ( , 2005. After the first primary leaf appeared, the stem of the soybean near ground level was covered with two 3-mm-diameter plugs of 20-day-old mycelium cultured on PDA.…”

Section: Race Determination Of Isolatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Race distribution of Phytophthora sojae on soybean in Hyogo, Japan

et al. 2006

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Since 1987, Phytophthora root and stem rot of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. cv. Tanbakuro], caused by Phytophthora sojae Kaufman and Gerdemann, has been increasing in the Sasayama, Nishiwaki, and Kasai regions in Hyogo, the most famous soybean (cv. Tanbakuro)-producing areas in Japan. In 2002 to 2004, 51 isolates (one from each field) of P. sojae were recovered from 51 fields in Hyogo. These isolates were tested for virulence on six Japanese differential soybean cultivars used for race determination in Japan, and three additional ones containing four Rps genes used in Indiana, USA. Race E was the most prevalent from 2002 to 2004, followed by races A, C, D, and four new races (proposed as races K, L, M, and N). Interestingly, none of the new races had high virulence on the Japanese differential cultivars, compared with other races in each area. One (race N) was avirulent on all six soybean differentials. There was a difference in race distribution on each of three individual areas; race E seemed to be a major component of the P. sojae population in Sasayama, whereas race A and the new race M were the most prevalent in Nishiwaki and Kasai, respectively. Rps6 (cv. Altona) and Rps1a + Rps7 (cv. Harosoy 63) were infected by 90.2% and 33.3% of all isolates, respectively. However, Rps1d (cv. PI103091) was not susceptible to any of the 51 isolates, nor was cv. Gedenshirazu-1. These two soybean cultivars were considered to be potential sources of resistance to breed new resistant cultivars with the desirable characteristics of cv. Tanbakuro for this region.

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“…More than 20 individual F 3 seedlings per F 2 : 3 family were employed for the virulence test. The F 2 : 3 phenotypes were determined by the hypocotyl inoculation method (Laviolette and Athow 1981) modified by Sugimoto et al (2003Sugimoto et al ( , 2006. Soybean seed surfaces were first sterilized with 0.7% NaOCl for seven min, rinsed three times with 100 ml of sterilized distilled water, placed on autoclaved 0.7% agar medium (130 ml total volume) containing 1.0% (w/v) sugar in a test bottle, and incubated at 23°C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of SSR markers linked to the Phytophthora resistance gene Rps1‐d in soybean

Sugimoto¹,

Yoshida²,

Watanabe³

et al. 2007

Plant Breeding

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To identify markers for the Phytophthora resistance gene, Rps1-d, 123 F 2 : 3 families were produced from a cross between Glycine max (L.) Merr. ÔTanbakuroÕ (a Japanese traditional black soybean) and PI103091 (Rps1-d) as an experimental population. The results of virulence tests produced 33 homozygous resistant, 61 segregating and 29 homozygous susceptible F 2 : 3 families. The chi-squared test gave a goodness-of-fit for the expected ratio of 1 : 2 : 1 for resistant, segregating and susceptible traits, suggesting that the inheritance of Rps1-d is controlled by a monogenic dominant gene. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) analyses of this trait were carried out using the cultivars ÔTanbakuroÕ and PI103091. Sixteen SSR primers, which produced 19 polymorphic fragments between the two parents, were identified from 41 SSR primers in MLG N. Eight SSR markers were related to Rps1-d, based on 32 of the 123 F 2 : 3 families, consisting of 16 homozygous resistant and 16 homozygous susceptible lines. The remaining 91 families were analysed for these eight markers, and a linkage map was constructed using all 123 F 2 : 3 families. The length of this linkage group is 44.0 cM. The closest markers, Sat_186 and Satt152, are mapped at 5.7 cM and 11.5 cM, respectively, on either side of the Rps1-d gene. Three-way contingency table analysis indicates that dualmarker-assisted selection using these two flanking markers would be efficient.

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Development of the agar medium inoculation method for the pathogenic test of <I>Phytophthora sojae</I>

Cited by 6 publications

References 1 publication

Select Calcium Compounds Reduce the Severity of Phytophthora Stem Rot of Soybean

Select Calcium Compounds Reduce the Severity of Phytophthora Stem Rot of Soybean

Race distribution of Phytophthora sojae on soybean in Hyogo, Japan

Identification of SSR markers linked to the Phytophthora resistance gene Rps1‐d in soybean

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