Development of ternary hexafluoroisopropylidenedianiline/cyclophosphazene/benzidine- disulfonic acid-carbon nanotubes (HFPA/CP/BZD-CNT) composite as a catalyst support for high performance alcohol fuel cell applications

Bio‐Based Graphene Sheet/Copolymer Composite as Supporting Material for Nanocatalysts towards Electrochemical Studies and Direct Alkaline Alcohol Fuel Cells

“…The single stack direct alkaline alcohol test fuel cell has been constructed to find out polarization and power density curve using Pt-Pb/Poly(AFCP-co-CP)-BGS catalyst as an anode in accordance with our previous report [61]. According to our previous studies [45,[61][62][63], polarization and power density have been measured at an optimum fuel concentration of 2.0 M in 1.0 M NaOH and at an optimum temperature of 70 °C and their results are shown in Figure 10. The experimental results concluded that the direct alkaline ethylene glycol fuel cell has showed the maximum power density of 190 mW cm -2 at 70 °C compared to methanol and glycerol, which has good agreement with cyclic voltammetric results.…”

“…Poly(amine-terminated cyclophosphazene-co-cyclophosphazene)-biobased graphene carbon sheet (Poly(AFCP-co-CP)-BGS) composite-based support material was prepared using the modified procedure reported elsewhere [45]. For this copolymer-biobased graphene carbon sheet composite preparation, 58 mg of amine-terminated cyclophosphazene, and 116 mg cyclophosphazene were dissolved in 100 mL of N,N ′ -dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solvent.…”

“…Composites. Platinum-lead nanoparticle-deposited Poly(-AFCP-co-CP)-BGS catalyst (Pt-Pb/Poly(AFCP-co-CP)-BGS) was prepared by the formaldehyde reduction method [45]. For catalyst preparation, 70 mg Poly(AFCP-co-CP)-BGS composite was dispersed in 10 mL distilled water using an ultrasonic process for 30 minutes.…”

“…In general, the small loss of the catalytic activity after successive number of scans may result from the con-sumption of methanol during the CV scan. It also may be due to poisoning effect and the structure change of the platinum nanoparticles as a consequence of the perturbation of the potentials during the scanning in aqueous solutions, particularly in the existence of methanol or any other organic fuel compounds [45,61,62]. Another characteristic might be due to the dispersion process happening between the surface of the electrode and the bulk solution.…”