Development of sustainable jute geotextiles by bitumen emulsion and polyester resin: Effect of gamma radiation

Abstract

Jute fibers can be an alternative solution to replace synthetic fibers for temporary sustainable geotextiles applications. To produce sustainable geotextiles, jute fabrics were treated first by bitumen emulsion (BE) and unsaturated polyester (UPE) resin then γ-radiation (2.5, 5, and 10 kGy doses) applied to increase its durability and performance. The resulting samples were J0 (raw jute), J1 (20% BE + 10% UPE), and J2 (30% BE + 10% UPE). It was revealed that γ-irradiation significantly decreased the moisture sensitivity and water absorbency. Tensile strength (TS) improved at 2.5 and 5 kGy doses of irradiation and then decreased at 10 kGy in both directions. The highest increase of TS found for 5 kGy dose in both directions of J1 (27.1% in warp and 27.7% in weft) and J2 (16.0% in warp and 23.8% in weft). After 120 days of soil burial test, biodegradation occurred for all the specimens except 2.5 kGy irradiated sample which retained its TS, however, TS dropped remarkably such as 71.9% and 85.1% in warp and weft directions, respectively for J1 sample, and 90.7% and 94.1% in warp and weft directions, respectively for J2 sample. Antimicrobial resistance of jute fabrics was assessed against gram-positive S. aureus and gram-negative E. coli bacteria. Further, FTIR, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were also investigated in this study.

A Comparative Study between Jute and Glass Fiber Reinforced Composites

“…This was also observed for GFRP composites in [18]. On the other hand, jute is a lignocellulosic natural bast fiber which is strongly hydrophilic in nature due to the presence of -OH groups of cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin, which lowers the compatibility with the largely hydrophobic polyester matrix [4,12,15]. As a result, GFRP composites showed significantly higher mechanical properties over the JFRP composites.…”

“…There are some advantages of jute fibers such as easy cultivation process, the fiber is cheap and available, ecofriendly as it can absorb CO2 during the growth period [9]. The fiber is commercially important from the past as it is extensively used in various textile products such as ropes, sacks, bags, carpets, furnishing, geotextiles, packaging materials and composite materials [11][12][13][14][15]. The present study aims to report the fabrication of jute fiber reinforced polyester composites (JFRP) and glass fiber reinforced polyester composites (GFRP) and compare their mechanical properties (tensile and bending).…”

Investigation on tensile strength characterisation of untreated and surface treated coir geotextiles

“…The peak at wave number range of 1108 cm À1 to 1133 cm À1 for Type W1, W2, NW1, and NW2 treated coir geotextiles are assigned as C-O-C stretching attributed to the β-(1→4) glycosidic linkage in cellulose. 11 The peak in the wavenumber range of 997 cm À1 to 1046 cm À1 shows the functional group C=O carboxylic, and the peak in the wavenumber range of 869 cm À1 to 880 cm À1 and 702 cm À1 to 745 cm À1 shows aromatic functional group and meta aromatic functional group respectively. 44 The main functional groups of unsaturated polyester resin and bitumen emulsion, such as the polyester linkages of carbon-oxygen bonds (C-O-C, C=O, and C-O), aromatic hydrocarbons of styrene and alkane chain (C-H), CH 3 chain, hydroxyl (OH) groups and carboxylic group (C=O) can be seen in FTIR spectra of treated coir fiber geotextiles.…”

“…To find the solution to this problem, the application of coir geotextiles is recommended by various researchers for the sustainable and economic growth of developing countries. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Coir geotextiles are made up of coir yarn, which is composed of coir fiber obtained from the husk of coconut. But there are some disadvantages of coir fiber, such as the presence of wax, pectin, voids and other impurities on the fiber's surface which affect its physical and mechanical properties.…”