Development of sulfur tolerant catalysts for the synthesis of high quality transportation fuels

Koizumi, Naoto; Murai, Kazuhito; Ozaki, Toshihiko; Yamada, Masahito

doi:10.1016/j.cattod.2004.02.002

Cited by 73 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…The possibility of up-sets in the cleaning section and resulting catalyst deactivation would have less disastrous consequences if the Fischer-Tropsch reactor is operated with an iron-based Fischer-Tropsch catalyst in conjunction with the ability of on-line catalyst replacement. Furthermore, iron-based catalysts seem to be more resistant to sulphur [165] and ammonia poisoning [175].…”

Section: Discussion and Outlookmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reports on permanent deactivation caused by these compounds are unknown to the authors. Co-feeding ammonia to the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis [175] has been shown to result in a decrease in the conversion for cobaltbased catalysts, but not for an iron-based catalyst. The presence of HCN is expected to result in a decrease in the CO-conversion over cobalt-based catalysts, based on the strength of adsorption which is comparable to that of CO [176].…”

Section: Operational Deactivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sulphur is thus seen for both iron-and cobalt-based catalysts as a possible source for permanent catalyst deactivation. It has been claimed that the incorporation of boron [166,175] or MnO [176] may result in a higher sulphur resistance of the catalyst.…”

Section: Operational Deactivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fischer‐Tropsch Catalysts for the Biomass‐to‐Liquid (BTL)‐Process

2008

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The Fischer-Tropsch synthesis is at the heart of the Biomass-to-Liquids (BTL) process. Feasibility studies published in open literature typically consider cobaltbased catalysts for the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. Here, we present an overview on the history and development up until the present for both cobalt-and ironbased Fischer-Tropsch catalysts. The role of the support material and various other additives to the catalyst formulation are discussed in detail with regard to activity, catalyst deactivation, and selectivity. Tentative explanations for e.g. the observed size dependency in cobalt-based catalysts and phase transformations in iron-based Fischer-Tropsch catalysts are offered. The productivity of cobalt-based catalysts at high conversion level is currently higher than that of iron-based catalysts. Nevertheless, it is argued that iron-based catalysts may be an attractive option for the BTL-process, since it is much cheaper, impacting on the cost of the process due to inevitable process set-ups in industrial operation. Improvement of current iron-based catalysts is however desired.

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Section: Discussion and Outlookmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Operational Deactivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fischer‐Tropsch Catalysts for the Biomass‐to‐Liquid (BTL)‐Process

2008

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“…211 These authors studied the sulfur resistance of Mn-Fe catalysts and they observed superior catalysts stabilities, especially when the catalysts were pre-reduced in CO. This group also used IR spectroscopy in combination with CO as a probe molecule to compare Fe and Mn-Fe catalysts.…”

Section: Mn-promoted Fe-based Fischer-tropschmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promotion Effects in Co-based Fischer–Tropsch Catalysis

2006

Catalysis

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“…These include Rh-based catalysts [8], modified high-temperature and low-temperature methanol synthesis catalysts based on ZnO/Cr 2 O 3 and Cu/ZnO/Al 2 O 3 [9], respectively, modified Fischer-Tropsch catalysts based on Co, Fe and Ru [10], and non-sulfide [11] and sulfide Mo-based catalysts [12][13][14]. Among these catalysts, molybdenum sulfide (MoS 2 ) catalysts have attracted much interest because of their higher selectivity to alcohols and excellent resistance to poisoning from sulfur in the feed gas [15][16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Alcohols and Alkanes from CO and H2 over MoS2/γ-Al2O3 Catalyst in a Packed Bed with Continuous Flow

et al. 2012

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Effects of reaction conditions on the production of alcohols (AOHs) and alkanes (Alk) from CO and H 2 , which can be obtained from the gasification of biomass, using a molybdenum sulfide (MoS 2 )-based catalyst of MoS 2 /γ-Al 2 O 3 were studied. A high-pressure fixed packed bed (HPFPB) was employed to carry out the reaction. The results indicate that the conversion of CO (X CO ) and specific production rates of alcohol (SPR AOH ) and alkane (SPR Alk ) are highly depended on temperature (T). In T = 423-573 K, maximum yield of alcohols (Y AOH ) and SPR AOH occur at T = 523 K. In the meantime, well performance gives the selectivity of ethanol (S EtOH ) of 52.0 C%. For the studies on varying H 2 /CO mole ratio (M H/C ) from 1 to 4 at 523 K, the appropriate M H/C to produce EtOH is 2, giving higher ratios of SPR AOH /SPR Alk and Y AOH /Y Alk than those with other M H/C . As for varying the total gas flow rates (Q G ) of 300, 450, 600 to 900 cm 3 min −1 tested at T = 523 K and M H/C = 2, the lower Q G provides longer reaction time (or gaseous retention time, t R ) thus OPEN ACCESSEnergies 2012, 5 4148 offering higher X CO , however lower productivity. For setting pressure (P ST ) = 225-540 psi, a supply of higher pressure is equivalent to providing a larger amount of reactants into the reaction system, this thus suggests the use of higher P ST should give both higher X CO and productivity. The assessment of the above results indicates that the MoS 2 /γ-Al 2 O 3 catalyst favors the production of alcohols over alkanes, especially for ethanol. The information obtained is useful for the proper utilization of biomass derived gases of CO and H 2 .

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Development of sulfur tolerant catalysts for the synthesis of high quality transportation fuels

Cited by 73 publications

References 60 publications

Fischer‐Tropsch Catalysts for the Biomass‐to‐Liquid (BTL)‐Process

Fischer‐Tropsch Catalysts for the Biomass‐to‐Liquid (BTL)‐Process

Promotion Effects in Co-based Fischer–Tropsch Catalysis

Synthesis of Alcohols and Alkanes from CO and H2 over MoS2/γ-Al2O3 Catalyst in a Packed Bed with Continuous Flow

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