Development of Solid Phase Extraction Method Based on Ion Imprinted Polymer for Determination of Cr(III) Ions by ETAAS in Waters

Abstract

In this work, a new solid phase extraction method for the determination of chromium species in water samples by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry was developed. For selective separation of Cr(III) ions under dynamic conditions, two ion imprinted polymers containing Cr(III)-1,10-phenanthroline complex (Cr(III)-phen) were prepared with the use of one (styrene, ST) or two (styrene and 4-vinylpyridine, ST-4VP) functional monomers. The physicochemical properties of those solid sorbents towards Cr(III) ions were studied and compared. It was found that Cr(III) ions were retained on the Cr(III)-phen-ST and Cr(III)-phen-ST-4VP polymers with high efficiency and repeatability (91.6% and 92.9%, RSD < 2%) from solutions at pH 4.5. The quantitative recovery of the analyte (91.7% and 93.9%, RSD < 4%) was obtained with 0.1 mol/L EDTA solution. The introduction of 4VP, an additional functional monomer, improved selectivity of the Cr(III)-phen-ST-4VP polymer towards Cr(III) ions in the presence of Cu(II), Mn(II) and Fe(III) ions, and slightly decreased the sorption capacity and stability of that polymer. The accuracy of procedures based on both polymeric sorbents was proved by analyzing the standard reference material of surface water SRM 1643e. The method using the Cr(III)-phen-ST polymer was applied for determining of Cr(III) ions in tap water and infusion of a green tea.

Atomic spectrometry update: review of advances in the analysis of clinical and biological materials, foods and beverages

“…Although this approach is limited in the number of species that can be determined, it has the advantages of (a) avoiding the inherent dilution of an HPLC procedure, and (b) consenting the possible use of measurement techniques other than ICP-MS. Such procedures include the determination of iAs species in shrimp, 63 iAs in dairy products, 64 As III in water, urine and fruit juice, 65 Cr III in tap water, 66 Mn species in beverages, 67 iSb in rice wine, 68 iSe species in dairy products, 69 Se IV in foods, 59 and V V in water. 70…”

Ion-Imprinted Polymeric Materials for Selective Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions from Aqueous Solution

“…Separation and preconcentration of Cr(III) from water by Cr(III)-IIP sorbents based on ion-imprinted-functionalized mesoporous SiO 2 have been lately explored ( Table S7 ) [ 137 , 138 , 139 , 140 , 141 , 142 ]. Liu et al, have developed a Cr(III)-IIP by one-step sol–gel reaction using APTEOS as a coupling agent and a Cr(III) surface imprinting on the surface of a mesoporous SiO 2 (SBA-15) [ 137 ].…”

“…In another approach, the surface of SBA-15 was functionalized with DZ as the ligand, and then the imprinting of Cr(III) was performed by the cross-linking polymerization of MAA with EGDMA in the presence of Cr(III) ions on the surface of SBA-15-DZ [ 138 ]. The adsorption properties, selectivity, and reusability of the IIP as SPE are strongly influenced by the nature of the metal-complexing ligand, functional monomer, cross-linker, porogen, and initiator [ 138 , 139 , 140 ]. Starting from the advantages of the dynamic mode, Trzonkowska et al, have explored the performances of the Cr(III)-IIP prepared by bulk method with different functional monomers, cross-linkers, and initiators using the Cr(III)-1,10-phenantroline complex as a template [ 139 , 140 ].…”

“…The adsorption properties, selectivity, and reusability of the IIP as SPE are strongly influenced by the nature of the metal-complexing ligand, functional monomer, cross-linker, porogen, and initiator [ 138 , 139 , 140 ]. Starting from the advantages of the dynamic mode, Trzonkowska et al, have explored the performances of the Cr(III)-IIP prepared by bulk method with different functional monomers, cross-linkers, and initiators using the Cr(III)-1,10-phenantroline complex as a template [ 139 , 140 ]. The authors found that the nature of the functional monomer, MAA or ST affected the amount of Cr(III) imprinted, the mechanical properties of the sorbent, and the sorption capacity toward Cr(III) ions, the IIP prepared with ST as monomer and AIBN as initiator having a higher selectivity for Cr(III) than that prepared with MAA.…”

“…The Cr(III)-IIP could be reused up to 100 sorption–desorption cycles. The selectivity of the sorbent toward Cr(III) in the presence of Cu(II), Mn(II), and Fe(III) ions increased when the pre-complex between Cr(III) and 1,10-phenantroline was used in the synthesis of the copolymer ST-4-VP and DVB [ 140 ]. The scheme for the bulk synthesis of Cr(III)-1,10-phenantroline (phen)-ST sorbent is presented in Figure 13 .…”