Development of soft polymer blend for copper ion detection by electrochemical route

Abstract

In the present work, we have prepared polymer blend of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT: PSS) by solution casting route. Blends were tested for various structural, morphological, and electrochemical techniques. Structural properties were investigated by XRD technique exploring the contribution conducting polymer in host system PVB exhibit amorphous nature. COO functional group contributed in blend configuration was confirmed by FTIR technique. Clustering of PEDOT:PSS in blend system were observed by scanning electron microscopy.Subatomic surface topology and increased roughness due to blending concentration of conducting polymer were analyzed by probe microscopy techniques.Increased softness of blends was confirmed by shore "A" durometer test. PVB/PEDOT:PSS blend was drop casted on glassy carbon electrode and employed for detection of various metal ions. It was deployed for electrochemical sensing of Cu 2+ ion. Electrochemical sensing investigation was done by differential pulse voltammetry technique. Performance of blends at 4.5 pH, 200 s deposition time and À1.2 V deposition potential was more accurate and sensitive toward detection of Cu 2+ ion. The developed electrochemical sensor exhibited rapid sensing response in the range of 1.6 to 8.3 μM. Furthermor,e an influence of many analytical parameters such as pH, deposition time and deposition potential on Cu 2+ ion investigation were disclosed. This investigation may be feasible to construct a very simple, fast, and efficient electrochemical sensing system for toxic heavy metals at low-level concentration.

Development of substrate free polymer composite for Pb2+ ion sensor

“…Certain metals serve as essential components for various metallo-proteins, but their accumulation can lead to human body disorders, particularly neurological issues. The detection of heavy metal ions (HMI) is crucial for environmental and food analysis due to severe health risks they pose [5][6][7][8][9]. Among the harmful metals, lead has received special attention due to its high toxicity and environmental impact [10].…”

“…These techniques have proven to be accurate, sensitive, reproducible and reliable for identifying Pb 2+ ions in water, soil, and various food products. However, these methods often come with a high cost, demand significant time investment, and require skilled professionals to operate them [4,8,19,20]. For direct water analysis, electrochemical sensors offer a practical, cost-effective and user-friendly alternative [4].…”

Hydrophobic polymer nano hybrid ternary composite electrode for nanomolar tracing of Cd2+ ions

“…Even at a low concentrations, these HMIs can harm to human health by interacting with proteins and infiltrating cells to disrupt biochemical processes 3,4,6,7 . Additionally, heavy metal pollution frequently involves the simultaneous presence of various metal ions, 12,14 It leads to interference and competition between the HMIs to attach to active sites of sensing material 15,16 . Consequently, it is crucial to devise a method, that is fast, extremely sensitive and effective for the concurrent detection of coexisting HMIs.…”