Development of Silica Aerogel with Any Density

Tabata, M.; Adachi, I.; Fukushima, T.; Kawai, H.; Kishimoto, H.; Kuratani, A.; Nakayama, Hirofumi; Nishida, S.; Noguchi, Takaaki; Okudaira, Kyoko; Tajima, Y.; Yano, Hajime; Yokogawa, Hiroshi; Yoshida, Hiroshi

doi:10.1109/nssmic.2005.1596380

Cited by 47 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The pin-drying method was first developed as a technique for producing ultrahigh-refractive-index (n > 1.10) aergels [11]. Currently, the method allows us to produce the highest refractive index (n = l.26) aerogels but with relatively small tile dimensions (approximately 5 x 5 x 1 cm3) [12].…”

Section: A New Aerogel Production Technique: Pin-drying Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of large area silica aerogel used as RICH radiator for the Belle II experiment

Tabata

Adachi

Hatakeyama

et al. 2012

2012 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Record (NSS/MIC)

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This p a p er p resents the recent p ro g ress in the develo p ment of lar g e-area hydro p hobic silica aero g els for use as radiators in the aero g el-based rin g -ima g in g Cherenkov (A RICH) counter that will be installed in the forward end ca p of the Belle II detector. The p roximity-focusin g A-RICH counter is desi g ned to identify char g ed p ions and kaons and to have a se p aration ca p ability of more than 40" at momenta u p to 4 GeV/c.In a focusin g -dual-layer radiator with different refractive indices, a p rototy p e A-RICH counter satisfied the required p erformance usin g our conventional aero g el tiles with refractive indices n of 1.045 and LOSS, transmission len g ths AT of 3�0 mm, and desi g ned final dimensions of 18 x 18 x 2 cm 3 • Moreover, we achieved better 1[/ K se p aration p erformance usin g n rv 1.06 aero g els with relatively small dimensions but lon g transmission len g th (AT> SO mm) produced by a novel p in-dryin g method.We need to fill the lar g e end ca p area of 3.5 m 2 with two layer aero g el tiles and to minimize the number of tiles with realistic dimensions to reduce the tile boundaries, at which the number of detected p hotoelectrons decreases. Therefore, we studied lar g e area aero g el p roduction by both conventional and p in-dryin g methods as a key to achievin g hi g h p erformance over the actual detector. This p a p er discusses the crack-free yield, o p tical trans p arency, and uniformity in refractive index within a monolith of recently p roduced large area aerogels. I. INT RODUCTIONT HE aerogel-based ring-imaging Cherenkov (A-RICH) counter is one of the particle identification devices for the Belle II experiment [1] that will be performed using the SuperKEKB accelerator at KEK, Japan. The Belle II is a super B factory experiment to search for new physics beyond the standard model of particle physics through flavor physics and C P violation measurements. Because the forward end cap of the Belle II detector has a limited space, the A-RICH system is designed as a proximity-focusing RICH counter. To

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Section: A New Aerogel Production Technique: Pin-drying Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of large area silica aerogel used as RICH radiator for the Belle II experiment

Tabata

Adachi

Hatakeyama

et al. 2012

2012 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Record (NSS/MIC)

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“…The photonic jet normally is created in transmission mode, which means it appears on the shadow side of a dielectric particle-lens and elongates into free space in the propagation direction of the plane wave. [10][11][12] Recently Abdelrahman et al studied broadband suppression of backscattering using a wavelength-sized low-index dielectric sphere. [2,9] Furthermore, it is known that almost all naturalsolids have refractive indices above 1.30.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photonic Jet by a Near‐Unity‐Refractive‐Index Sphere on a Dielectric Substrate with High Index Contrast

et al. 2018

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Photonic jets are normally generated in transmission mode and are represented as a spatially localized high-intensity region on the shadow side of a particle-lens, with a background to medium refractive index contrast of 1.3-1.7 while illuminated by a plane wave. Here, a photonic jet is discovered in the opposing plane wave propagation direction and lies in the area in the upper boundary of a near-unity refractive index sphere on a high refractive index dielectric substrate. The redistribution of the power flow is inhibited during the reflected wave passing the near-unity refractive index sphere. This has led to a unique effect on the focus position and shape of the produced photonic jet in reflection mode which can be maximally maintained near the sphere regardless of the modulation of the refractive index for the dielectric substrate material.

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“…The production procedure in the pindrying method is concisely described as follows: (i) wet-gel synthesis, (ii) pin-drying, (iii) hydrophobic treatment, and (iv) supercritical drying. The pin-drying method was first reported in [8] and is briefly described in [9].…”

Section: Development Of Silica Aerogel As a Cherenkov Radiatormentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in the development of silica aerogel as a RICH radiator in the Belle II experiment

Tabata

Adachi

Hamada

et al. 2013

2013 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (2013 NSS/MIC)

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This paper describes recent progress in the development of large-area hydrophobic silica aerogel tiles for use as a radiator in the aerogel-based ring-imaging Cherenkov (A-RICH) counter that will be installed in the forward end cap of the Belle II detector. The proximity-focusing A-RICH counter is designed to efficiently identify charged pions and kaons; our goal is a separation capability of more than 4 at momenta up to 4 GeV/ . We plan to fill the large end-cap area of 3.5 m 2 with 124 segmented dual-layer-focusing aerogel combinations with different refractive indices ( ∼ 1.05). It is crucial to minimize the number of aerogel tiles to reduce tile boundaries because the number of detected photoelectrons decreases at the boundaries. As a step toward achieving high performance in the actual detector, we performed test productions of large-area (over 18 × 18 × 2 cm 3 ) aerogel tiles using both conventional and pindrying methods. In view of the crack-free production yield, we have decided to mass-produce both upstream and downstream aerogel tiles by the conventional method in the Belle II program, although the pin-dried aerogels showed excellent transparency. We also used an electron beam at DESY to conduct a beam test for investigating the performance of a prototype A-RICH counter. When we used a basic counter configuration with dual-layerfocusing aerogels having ∼ 1.045 and 1.055 produced by the conventional method, we confirmed a / separation capability better than 4 at a momentum of 4 GeV/ .

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Development of Silica Aerogel with Any Density

Cited by 47 publications

References 7 publications

Development of large area silica aerogel used as RICH radiator for the Belle II experiment

Development of large area silica aerogel used as RICH radiator for the Belle II experiment

Photonic Jet by a Near‐Unity‐Refractive‐Index Sphere on a Dielectric Substrate with High Index Contrast

Progress in the development of silica aerogel as a RICH radiator in the Belle II experiment

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