Development of sensitive long-wave infrared detector arrays for passively cooled space missions

McMurtry, Craig W.; Lee, Donald; Beletic, James W.; Chen, Chi-Yi A.; Demers, Richard; Dorn, Meghan L.; Edwall, D. D.; Fazar, Candice Bacon; Forrest, W. J.; Liu, Fengchuan; Mainzer, A.; Pipher, J. L.; Yulius, A.

doi:10.1117/1.oe.52.9.091804

Cited by 50 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Future generations of spacebased IR telescopes using new large-format detectors (e.g. McMurtry et al 2013) will further improve our understanding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Space-Based Thermal Infrared Studies of Asteroids

Mainzer¹,

Usui²,

Trilling³

2015

Asteroids IV

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Large-area surveys operating at mid-infrared wavelengths have proven to be a valuable means of discovering and characterizing minor planets. Through the use of radiometric models, it is possible to derive physical properties such as diameters, albedos, and thermal inertia for large numbers of objects. Modern detector array technology has resulted in a significant improvement in spatial resolution and sensitivity compared with previous generations of spacebased infrared telescopes, giving rise to a commensurate increase in the number of objects that have been observed at these wavelengths. Space-based infrared surveys of asteroids therefore offer an effective method of rapidly gathering information about small body populations orbital and physical properties. The AKARI, WISE/NEOWISE, Spitzer, and Herschel missions have significantly increased the number of minor planets with well-determined diameters and albedos.

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“…Future generations of spacebased IR telescopes using new large-format detectors (e.g. McMurtry et al 2013) will further improve our understanding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the WISE mission included four 1024 2 detector arrays, each with 18 µm pixels (Mainzer et al 2005). Recent developments include the fabrication of megapixel mid-IR detectors capable of operating at higher temperatures, which will ease the burden on cryogenic systems for future missions (McMurtry et al 2013).…”

Section: The Missionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Space-Based Thermal Infrared Studies of Asteroids

Mainzer¹,

Usui²,

Trilling³

2015

Asteroids IV

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“…12 In order to remove the substrate, the volume between the silicon multiplexer and the detector must be epoxy backfilled, because the light-sensitive HgCdTe layer is thin (∼10 μm). McMurtry et al 3 investigated the effect of epoxy backfill on the substrate-intact LWIR devices and showed that it did not adversely affect the dark current, well depth, quantum efficiency, or noise although an increase in interpixel capacitance was noted.…”

Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Laboratory testing of several arrays grown on an 800-μm CdZnTe substrate, and hybridized to an H1RG multiplexer, demonstrated that the resulting detector arrays met all NEOCam requirements (see Table 1) for dark current, quantum efficiency, well depth, and noise. 3 Short-wave infrared (SWIR) and mid-wave infrared (MWIR) HgCdTe detector arrays utilizing the same multiplexer, or the same family of multiplexers in a larger format, have been or will be employed in other space missions, including the Orbiting Carbon Observatory 2, the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE), the Hubble Space Telescope's (HST) Wide Field Camera 3, Euclid, and JWST. 2,4,[5][6][7] Detector arrays flown in space must be robust against cosmic ray (CR) hits; therefore, we subjected the arrays from 12 to 63 MeV protons to determine the magnitude of the responses.…”

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confidence: 99%

Proton irradiation results for long-wave HgCdTe infrared detector arrays for Near-Earth Object Camera

Dorn

Pipher

McMurtry

et al. 2016

J. Astron. Telesc. Instrum. Syst

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Abstract. HgCdTe detector arrays with a cutoff wavelength of ∼10 μm intended for the Near-Earth Object Camera (NEOCam) space mission were subjected to proton-beam irradiation at the University of California Davis Crocker Nuclear Laboratory. Three arrays were tested-one with 800-μm substrate intact, one with 30-μm substrate, and one completely substrate-removed. The CdZnTe substrate, on which the HgCdTe detector is grown, has been shown to produce luminescence in shorter wave HgCdTe arrays that causes an elevated signal in nonhit pixels when subjected to proton irradiation. This testing was conducted to ascertain whether or not full substrate removal is necessary. At the dark level of the dewar, we detect no luminescence in nonhit pixels during proton testing for both the substrate-removed detector array and the array with 30-μm substrate. The detector array with full 800-μm substrate exhibited substantial photocurrent for a flux of 103 protons∕cm 2 s at a beam energy of 18.1 MeV (∼750 e − ∕s) and 34.4 MeV (∼65 e − ∕s). For the integrated space-like ambient proton flux level measured by the Spitzer Space Telescope, the luminescence would be well below the NEOCam dark current requirement of <200 e − ∕s, but the pattern of luminescence could be problematic, possibly complicating calibration. © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.

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“…One key outcome of the assessment phase was the identification of an MCT detector with TRL approaching 5 that worked up to 11 μm at an operating temperature of~40 K. This device has been developed by Teledyne working with JPL and University of Rochester in the frame of a Phase A study for NEOCam (a Near Earth Object detection mission being studied for a potential 2018 launch [13]). This meant that EChO would have had an all MCT solution with operating temperatures no lower than 28 K (somewhat lower than the NEOCam baseline due to the desired lower dark current in the EChO application).…”

Section: Detector Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The EChO payload instrument – an overview

et al. 2014

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The Exoplanet Characterisation Observatory (EChO) mission was one of the proposed candidates for the European Space Agency's third medium mission within the Cosmic Vision Framework. EChO was designed to observe the spectra from transiting exo-planets in the 0.55-11 micron band with a goal of covering from 0.4 to 16 micron. The mission and its associated scientific instrument has undergone a rigorous technical evaluation phase. This paper provides an overview of the payload instrument design for the mission, showing how the system acts together to fulfill the mission objectives. We report on the results of an extensive simulation of the instrument performance and show

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Development of sensitive long-wave infrared detector arrays for passively cooled space missions

Cited by 50 publications

References 27 publications

Space-Based Thermal Infrared Studies of Asteroids

Space-Based Thermal Infrared Studies of Asteroids

Proton irradiation results for long-wave HgCdTe infrared detector arrays for Near-Earth Object Camera

The EChO payload instrument – an overview

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