Development of Secretory Function in Rat Parotid Gland

Grand, Richard J.; Schay, Maria I

doi:10.1203/00006450-197802000-00007

Cited by 33 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…Some laboratories have shown the parotid to be refractory to 3-adrenergic stimulation of both adenylate cyclase and protein secretion prior to two weeks post partum (Grand et al, 1975;Grand and Schay, 1978;Ludford and Talamo, 1983). On the other hand, under somewhat different conditions of secretory stimulation, isoproterenol markedly stimulates secretion of amylase by the four-day parotid (Ball and Nelson, 1978a), and of Bi-IP by the five-day parotid (Ball et al, 1988a Since the early studies by Grobstein (1953Grobstein ( , 1967, the submandibular gland has been considered to be the classic example of mesenchymal specificity in embryonic tissue induction.…”

Section: (6) Origin Of the Three Major Types Of Salivary Glandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary Glands: A Paradigm for Diversity of Gland Development

Denny

Ball

Redman

1997

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine

177

171

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The major salivary glands of mammals are represented by three pairs of organs that cooperate functionally to produce saliva for the oral cavity. While each type of gland produces a signature secretion that complements the secretions from the other glands, there is also redundancy as evidenced by secretion of functionally similar and, in some cases, identical products in the three glands. This, along with their common late initiation of development, in fetal terms, their similarities in developmental pattern, and their proximate sites of origin, suggests that a common regulatory cascade may have been shared until shortly before the onset of overt gland development. Furthermore, occasional ectopic differentiation of individual mature secretory cells in the wrong" gland suggests that control mechanisms responsible for the distinctive cellular composition of each gland also share many common steps, with only minor differences providing the impetus for diversification. To begin to address this area, we examine here the origins of the salivary glands by reviewing the expression patterns of several genes with known morphogenetic potential that may be involved based on developmental timing and location. The possibility that factors leading to determination of the sites of mammalian salivary gland development might be homologous to the regulatory cascade leading to salivarv gland formation in Drosophila is also evaluated. In a subsequent section, cellular phenotypes of neonatal and adult glands are compared and evaluated for insights into the mechanisms and lineages leading to cellular diversification. Finally, the phenomena of proliferation, repair, and regeneration in adult salivary glands are reviewed, with emphasis on the extent to which the cellular diversity is reversible and which cell type other than stem cells has the ability to redifferentiate into other cell types.

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Section: (6) Origin Of the Three Major Types Of Salivary Glandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary Glands: A Paradigm for Diversity of Gland Development

Denny

Ball

Redman

1997

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine

177

171

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…For parotid saliva, there are some reports on the secretary responses during postnatal development for rats (Schneyer and Hall, 1967a and b;Schneyer and Hall, 1968;Mangos, 1978;Grand and Schay, 1978;Kim and Calkins, 1983) and for humans (Bellavia et al, 1979;Yaegaki et al, 1982;Parvinen and Larmas, 1982) but little for submandibular saliva Martinez and Camden, 1982;Reynolds and Pull, 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Developmental Changes in the Volumes, Protein, and Some Electrolyte Concentrations of Male and Female Rat Submandibular Saliva Secreted in Response to Methoxamine and Pilocarpine

et al. 1987

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Saliva secreted in response to methoxamine and pilocarpine was collected from the cannulated ducts of the submandibular glands of male and female rats at weekly intervals from two to 10 weeks of age. It was analyzed for volume and for concentrations of protein, potassium, calcium, and inorganic phosphate. Following the collection of saliva, the submandibular glands were removed and weighted. The wet weights of the glands increased substantially up to seven weeks of age and then reached almost plateau values in both sexes. The salivary volumes secreted in response to both agents in both sexes were positively correlated with the gland weights, except that after five to six weeks of age there was no correlation between gland weight and methoxamine-stimulated salivary volume. The concentrations of protein, potassium, and inorganic phosphate were inversely related to the flow rates only at relatively low rates of flow. The concentration of calcium was positively correlated with the protein concentration and was independent of the nature of the stimulus and of sex differences during postnatal development.

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“…Previous studies indicate that the responsiveness of muscarinic receptors, the activity of Na,K-ATPase, and the influx of extracellular Ca2+ upon the muscarinic receptor stimulation in the developing submandibular gland are detectable at birth and change as the gland matures Camden, 1982, 1989;Camden and Martinez, 1987), while in the developing parotid gland, the secretory activity due to cholinergic stimulation does not appear until 15 days after birth (Grand and Schay, 1978). It has also been shown that the cholinergic agonists act by increasing intracellular Ca2+, which is due to Ca2+ mobilization from both extracellular and intracellular pools in the adult rat parotid and submandibular glands (Koelz et al, 1977).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Carbachol-induced Oxygen Consumption in Slices from Developing Rat Submandibular and Parotid Glands

Stojić

1998

J Dent Res

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In contrast to the submandibular gland, the developing rat parotid gland shows refractoriness to cholinergic secretagogues until 2 wks of age. To assess the underlining mechanism of this refractoriness, I investigated changes in oxygen consumption as a function of animal age in slices from rat submandibular and parotid glands, measuring both basal and carbachol-stimulated levels. The oxygen consumption was determined by a direct manometric method in the Warburg apparatus. Carbachol-induced oxygen uptake in submandibular gland slices was observed by 1 day of age and reached the adult level of stimulation by 3 wks of age. In the parotid gland, carbachol failed to stimulate oxygen uptake in the early post-natal period, and the first response was detected at 2 wks of age, reaching the adult level at 4 wks of age. Para-fluorohexahydro-sila-diphenidol (pFHHSiD), a selective M3 antagonist, inhibited carbachol-induced oxygen uptake in both glands, while pirenzepine, a selective M1 antagonist, had no effect, suggesting that the M3 muscarinic receptors are involved in this process. The respiratory effect of carbachol, in both glands, was inhibitable by ouabain and, to a lesser extent, by furosemide, indicating that carbachol-enhanced oxygen uptake is due to Na,K-ATPase and that the furosemide-sensitive co-transport of Na+ entry is underdeveloped in immature cells. The ouabain-sensitive Na,K-ATPase activity in the parotid gland increased from birth until 28 days of age. At the time of parotid gland refractoriness to carbachol, Ca2+ ionophore A23187 caused an increase of oxygen uptake only in the presence of extracellular Ca2+. In the presence of carbachol, the effect of ionophore was significantly higher than that of ionophore alone. These results raise the possibility that the refractoriness of the parotid gland to carbachol is due to the inability of carbachol to increase Ca2+ uptake rather than to the lack of distal limb, which resides on the pathway from receptor stimulation to Na,K-ATPase activation.

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Development of Secretory Function in Rat Parotid Gland

Cited by 33 publications

References 17 publications

Salivary Glands: A Paradigm for Diversity of Gland Development

Salivary Glands: A Paradigm for Diversity of Gland Development

Developmental Changes in the Volumes, Protein, and Some Electrolyte Concentrations of Male and Female Rat Submandibular Saliva Secreted in Response to Methoxamine and Pilocarpine

Carbachol-induced Oxygen Consumption in Slices from Developing Rat Submandibular and Parotid Glands

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