Development of scales to assess specific deception strategies in the Psychological Screening Inventory.

Abstract

Recent research suggests that the most successful procedures for assessing deception should be those that focus on the specific context of a particular deception attempt and on the particular deception strategy used by the respondent within that context. This article describes the development and validation of 4 scales to assess 2 different strategies for faking-bad (symptom overendorsement and erroneous psychiatric stereotype) and 2 different strategies for faking-good (endorsement of superior adjustment and endorsement of excessive virtue), on the basisof items of the Psychological Screening Inventory (PSI). Cross-validation data for the scales include respondents in real-life deception situations, simulation data, and patterns of correlations with the regular PSI scales.

Detection of Symptom Exaggeration With the MMPI-2 in Litigants With Malingered Neurocognitive Dysfunction

“…Lanyon terms this the ''accuracy of knowledge'' model, because assessment of deception relies on the respondent's lack of complete knowledge of the particular characteristic being assessed. In his investigation, he factor analyzed scores selected from the MMPI-2, Psychological Screening Inventory (Lanyon, 1993), and Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding (Paulhus, 1991), obtained on a mixed forensic sample, including child custody evaluees, personal injury litigants, sex offenders, and other criminal offenders. Lanyon obtained three distinct factors, representing exaggeration of psychiatric symptoms (highest positive loadings from MMPI-2 F and Ds-r), exaggeration of virtue (highest positive loadings from MMPI-2 L Scale), and exaggeration of health concerns (highest positive loadings from MMPI-2 Scales 1 (Hs) and 3 (Hy); note that Lanyon did not analyze the FBS).…”

Construct Validity of the Misrepresentation Scales of the Psychological Screening Inventory

“…In addition to the original Defensiveness (De) scale, five specific misrepresentation scales have been developed. Three were developed within a single project (Lanyon, 1993) to assess two of the previously mentioned three constructs: exaggeration of personal virtue (Endorsement of Excessive Virtue; EEV) and exaggeration of psychopathology (Symptom Overendorsement; SOE and Erroneous Psychiatric Stereotype; EPS). Also developed at that time was a scale to assess the exaggeration of positive mental health (Endorsement of Superior Adjustment; ESA).…”

Development and validation of brief content scales for the psychological screening inventory‐2

“…extended assessment of response distortion (misrepresentation) have been developed (Lanyon, 1993(Lanyon, , 2001) and have been shown to be comparable in effectiveness to equivalent Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-2) scales (Lanyon & Cunningham, 2005).…”