Development of reusable composite eggshell-moringa leaf catalyst for biodiesel production

Alemán-Ramirez, J.L.; Okoye, Patrick U.; Torres-Arellano, S.; Paraguay-Delgado, F.; Mejía-López, M.; Moreira, J.; Sebastián, P.J.

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2022.124601

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…A sample from each ratio was calcined in a muffle furnace at 1073 K for 240 min to remove organic materials and obtain fine ash [32]. The calcined ash obtained from each ratio was stored in airtight containers and in a desiccator for further investigation [3,19]. The calcined ash sample from each run (ratio) was used as a catalyst for the catalyzed transesterification of PKO with ethanol, with the goal of determining the ratio (run) with the highest biodiesel yield.…”

Section: Catalyst Preparation Using Simplex Lattice Design Mixture (S...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several researchers have synthesized biodiesel using calcined biomass ash as a heterogeneous base catalyst. This is due to the presence of inorganic minerals in calcined biomass ash that act as active transesterification sites [18,19]. Several biobased heterogeneous base catalysts have been developed using calcined ash from various agricultural residues, including ostricheggshell [20], banana peels [21], rubber seed shells [22], ripe plantain-peel [23], Brassica nigra plant [24], walnut shell [25] and eggshell-moringa leaf [19,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is due to the presence of inorganic minerals in calcined biomass ash that act as active transesterification sites [18,19]. Several biobased heterogeneous base catalysts have been developed using calcined ash from various agricultural residues, including ostricheggshell [20], banana peels [21], rubber seed shells [22], ripe plantain-peel [23], Brassica nigra plant [24], walnut shell [25] and eggshell-moringa leaf [19,26]. These studies show that using heterogeneous catalysts in the production of biodiesel has resulted in significant success.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, using agricultural residues to synthesize heterogeneous base catalysts would help to reduce environmental effects that endanger humans and animals [3,27]. It may also improve the viability of biodiesel production by removing barriers [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis of Biobased Composite Heterogeneous Catalyst for Biodiesel Production Using Simplex Lattice Design Mixture: Optimization Process by Taguchi Method

et al. 2023

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The use of biobased heterogeneous catalysts made from agricultural waste for producing biodiesel has gained attention for its potential to create a sustainable and low-cost process. The blending of two or more biomass residues to create more viable biobased catalysts is still in its early stages. In this study, a Biobased Composite Heterogeneous Catalyst (CHC) was made by blending the shells of periwinkle (PWS), melon seed-husk (MSH), and locust bean pod-husk (LBP) at a mixing ratio of 67:17:17 using Simplex Lattice Design Mixture, that was then calcined for 4 h at 800 °C. The chemical, structural, and morphological components of the CHC were characterized via XRF, XRD, SEM-EDX, BET, TGA/DSC, and FTIR to assess its catalytic potential. The CHC was employed to synthesize biodiesel from palm kernel oil, and the process optimization was conducted using the Taguchi approach. The XRF analysis showed that the catalyst had 69.049 of Calcium (Ca) and 9.472 of potassium (K) in their elemental and oxide states as 61.592% calcium oxide and 7.919% potassium oxide. This was also supported by the EDX result, that showed an appreciable value of 58.00% of Ca and 2.30% of magnesium, that perhaps provided the active site in the transesterification reaction to synthesize biodiesel. The morphological and physisorption isotherms via SEM and BET showed mesoporous structures in the CHC that were made up of nanoparticles. A high maximum biodiesel yield of 90.207 wt.% was attained under the optimized process conditions. The catalyst could be reused for up to four cycles, and the biodiesel produced met both ASTM D6751 and EN 14214 standards for biodiesel. This study demonstrates that blending PWS, MSH, and LBP waste materials can produce high-quality biodiesel without the need for additional catalysts.

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Section: Catalyst Preparation Using Simplex Lattice Design Mixture (S...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Synthesis of Biobased Composite Heterogeneous Catalyst for Biodiesel Production Using Simplex Lattice Design Mixture: Optimization Process by Taguchi Method

et al. 2023

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“…They reported that the significant decrease in biodiesel yield may have been due to the filling of pores and the poisoning of the catalyst surface by triglycerides and glycerol, thereby reducing the number of active sites, which in turn reduced the conversion of triglycerides into biodiesel. Aleman-Ramirez et al (2022) noted that the catalysts could be reused after pretreatment prior to successive reaction runs using recalcination to reactivate the catalyst by decomposing any trace organic material that could cover up the catalyst surface.…”

Section: Reusability Of 30k-ma Catalystmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of mangosteen peel ash as a heterogeneous catalyst for palm oil-derived fatty acid methyl ester production

2022

ANRES

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Article InfoImportance of the work: A solid carbon catalyst was derived from mangosteen peel ash (MA) activated by potassium hydroxide and used as a support for potassium carbonate (K 2 CO 3 ). It was prepared as a heterogeneous catalyst for the transesterification of palm oil to fatty acid methyl esters. Objectives: A central composite response surface methodology was used to optimize the biodiesel yield. The effects were investigated of different K 2 CO 3 impregnation levels on MA (0 by weight percentage (wt.%), 25 wt.%, 30 wt.% and 35 wt.%) and then on the catalyst loading (2.32-5.68 wt.%), the methanol-to-oil molar ratio (3.95:1-14.05:1), and the reaction time (39.55-140.45 min) of the transesterification reaction at 65 °C. Materials & Methods: The mangosteen peel was procured from Songkhla province, Thailand and the palm oil was purchased from a local supermarket in Songkhla province. The catalysts were prepared using the incipient wetness impregnation method and applied for transesterification of palm oil with methanol to produce biodiesel. The reaction process was optimized in terms of the biodiesel yield using response surface methodology based on a central composite design. Results:The results demonstrated that the catalyst consisting of 30 wt.% K 2 CO 3 loaded MA (30K-MA) had the highest catalytic activity. Using the 30K-MA catalyst at 65 °C, the maximum biodiesel yield of 97.9% was prodcued at a catalyst loading of 4.5 wt.%, a methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 10.8:1 and a reaction time of 98.7 min. Main finding: The 30K-MA catalyst maintained sufficient catalytic activity (above 65% biodiesel yield) until the fourth reaction cycle, demonstrating the possibility of developing heterogeneous alkali catalysts from MA for biodiesel production.

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Biodiesel production from a novel renewable source through the ultrasound-assisted transesterification process, using energy efficient nanocatalyst developed from waste material

Sundaramahalingam

Sivashanmugam

2023

Fuel

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Development of reusable composite eggshell-moringa leaf catalyst for biodiesel production

Cited by 12 publications

References 65 publications

Synthesis of Biobased Composite Heterogeneous Catalyst for Biodiesel Production Using Simplex Lattice Design Mixture: Optimization Process by Taguchi Method

Synthesis of Biobased Composite Heterogeneous Catalyst for Biodiesel Production Using Simplex Lattice Design Mixture: Optimization Process by Taguchi Method

Development of mangosteen peel ash as a heterogeneous catalyst for palm oil-derived fatty acid methyl ester production

Biodiesel production from a novel renewable source through the ultrasound-assisted transesterification process, using energy efficient nanocatalyst developed from waste material

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