Development of Pyloric Stenosis After a 4-Day Course of Oral Erythromycin

Lozada, Luis E.; Royall, Matthew J.; Nylund, Cade M.; Eberly, Matthew D.

doi:10.1097/pec.0b013e31828a3663

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Among the three most widely prescribed macrolides, azithromycin is the only recommended antimicrobial for neonates (Ͻ1 month old) (278). Erythromycin has been linked with infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) in neonates, including those indirectly receiving erythromycin through breast milk (278,344,345). In one cohort study, infants receiving erythromycin prophylaxis were found to have greater risk of IHPS (7/157 among those exposed versus 0/125 among those with no erythromycin exposure) (278).…”

Section: Postexposure Prophylaxis and Therapeuticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pertussis: Microbiology, Disease, Treatment, and Prevention

et al. 2016

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SUMMARYPertussis is a severe respiratory infection caused byBordetella pertussis, and in 2008, pertussis was associated with an estimated 16 million cases and 195,000 deaths globally. Sizeable outbreaks of pertussis have been reported over the past 5 years, and disease reemergence has been the focus of international attention to develop a deeper understanding of pathogen virulence and genetic evolution ofB. pertussisstrains. During the past 20 years, the scientific community has recognized pertussis among adults as well as infants and children. Increased recognition that older children and adolescents are at risk for disease and may transmitB. pertussisto younger siblings has underscored the need to better understand the role of innate, humoral, and cell-mediated immunity, including the role of waning immunity. Although recognition of adult pertussis has increased in tandem with a better understanding ofB. pertussispathogenesis, pertussis in neonates and adults can manifest with atypical clinical presentations. Such disease patterns make pertussis recognition difficult and lead to delays in treatment. Ongoing research using newer tools for molecular analysis holds promise for improved understanding of pertussis epidemiology, bacterial pathogenesis, bioinformatics, and immunology. Together, these advances provide a foundation for the development of new-generation diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines.

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Section: Postexposure Prophylaxis and Therapeuticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pertussis: Microbiology, Disease, Treatment, and Prevention

et al. 2016

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“…The major concern associated with the use of macrolides in nursing mothers is related to numerous cases of pyloric stenosis in children treated with this antibiotic [69,70,71,72]. However, studies conducted in nursing mothers treated with erythromycin are conflicting, with some authors reporting the onset of pyloric stenosis [73,74] and other authors reporting a relationship between antibiotic use by the mother and the development of pyloric stenosis [38,71,75].…”

Section: Main Antibiotics In Clinical Usementioning

confidence: 93%

Antibiotics and Breastfeeding

et al. 2016

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During the breastfeeding period, bacterial infections can occur in the nursing mother, requiring the use of antibiotics. A lack of accurate information may lead health care professionals and mothers to suspend breastfeeding, which may be unnecessary. This article provides information on the main antibiotics that are appropriate for clinical use and the interference of these antibiotics with the infant to support medical decisions regarding the discontinuation of breastfeeding. We aim to provide information on the pharmacokinetic factors that interfere with the passage of antibiotics into breast milk and the toxicological implications of absorption by the infant. Publications related to the 20 most frequently employed antibiotics and their transfer into breast milk were evaluated. The results demonstrate that most antibiotics in clinical use are considered suitable during breastfeeding; however, the pharmacokinetic profile of each drug must be observed to ensure the resolution of the maternal infection and the safety of the infant.

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“…The exact etiology is unknown however several studies have suggested a correlation with: genetic factors, 10 maternal smoking during pregnancy, preterm birth, reduced weight for gestational age, cesarean section, 11 young maternal age 12 and exposure to erythromycin during the neonatal period, in particular during the first two weeks after birth. [13][14][15] The HPS presents a correlation with the family history: 17% of risk in one member of the family, 3% in two or more members. 16 In particular, if the father was affected by the condition, the risk of a child with the same condition is equal to 7%; if the mother was the one affected, the risk increases 4 times.…”

Section: Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%