Development of Pure Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC) with Excellent 3D Printability and Macro‐ and Micro‐Structural Properties

Rahmatabadi, Davood; Soltanmohammadi, Kianoosh; Aberoumand, Mohammad; Soleyman, Elyas; Ghasemi, Ismaeil; Baniassadi, Majid; Abrinia, Karen; Bodaghi, Mahdi; Baghani, Mostafa

doi:10.1002/mame.202200568

Cited by 63 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 70 publications

(91 reference statements)

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“…In recent times, attempts have been made to investigate the applicability of previously unexplored FDM materials for various applications. Rahmatabadi et al [ 34 ] explored the mechanical properties of food-grade, unmodified polyvinyl chloride for potential biomedical applications. The authors considered numerous tension modes, including compression, bending and tension, and studied the variation in strength with varying printing parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parametric Modeling and Optimization of Dimensional Error and Surface Roughness of Fused Deposition Modeling Printed Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol Parts

et al. 2023

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Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol (PETG) is a fused deposition modeling (FDM)-compatible material gaining popularity due to its high strength and durability, lower shrinkage with less warping, better recyclability and safer and easier printing. FDM, however, suffers from the drawbacks of limited dimensional accuracy and a poor surface finish. This study describes a first effort to identify printing settings that will overcome these limitations for PETG printing. It aims to understand the influence of print speed, layer thickness, extrusion temperature and raster width on the dimensional errors and surface finish of FDM-printed PETG parts and perform multi-objective parametric optimization to identify optimal settings for high-quality printing. The experiments were performed as per the central composite rotatable design and statistical models were developed using response surface methodology (RSM), whose adequacy was verified using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique. Adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) models were also developed for response prediction, having a root mean square error of not more than 0.83. For the minimization of surface roughness and dimensional errors, multi-objective optimization using a hybrid RSM and NSGA-II algorithm suggested the following optimal input parameters: print speed = 50 mm/s, layer thickness = 0.1 mm, extrusion temperature = 230 °C and raster width = 0.6 mm. After experimental validation, the predictive performance of the ANFIS (mean percentage error of 9.33%) was found to be superior to that of RSM (mean percentage error of 12.31%).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parametric Modeling and Optimization of Dimensional Error and Surface Roughness of Fused Deposition Modeling Printed Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol Parts

et al. 2023

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“…Multiphase filaments can be designed to provide application-tailored properties such as enhanced stiffness, strength, ductility, thermal and electrical conductivities, dielectric behavior, and piezoelectric properties. These enhanced properties can accelerate the development of 3D-printed lightweight structures, sensors and actuators [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Low-Cost Process for Fabricating Reinforced 3D Printing Thermoplastic Filaments

et al. 2023

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Low-cost desktop-sized fused deposition modeling (FDM) printers have been widely embraced by small to large-scale institutions and individuals. To further enhance their utility and increase the range of materials that they can process, this work proposes a low-cost solution that adapts to low-cost desktop-sized extruders and enables them to fabricate filaments comprising a wide range of nonorganic reinforcing particles. This solution will fill a gap in the field, as low-cost fabrication techniques for reinforced filaments have been lacking. In the proposed solution, particles are heated and deposited on thermoplastic pellets to form a coating. Coated pellets are subsequently extruded using a low-cost desktop single-screw extruder. The effectiveness of the process is demonstrated by fabricating polylactic acid (PLA) filaments reinforced with two types of reinforcements, namely, dune sand and silicon carbide. Filaments’ stiffness and strength were measured, and their microstructure along their lateral and longitudinal directions were investigated. Improvements in tensile strength (up to 8%) and stiffness (up to 4.5%) were observed, but at low reinforcement levels (less than 2 wt%). Results showed that the proposed process could be used to fabricate filaments with multiple types of particles. The produced filaments were successfully used to fabricate 3D parts using a commercial desktop FDM printer.

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“…3D printing, also known as AMT, is an emerging processing method of fabricating complex shapes in a layer-wise pattern using computer-aided designs for various applications. The most significant aspects of 3D printing are removing restrictions in designing and constructing complex geometries and reducing material wastage [ 27 , 28 , 29 ]. Based on the ASTM 52900:2015 standard, AMT has seven classifications: direct energy deposition, material jetting and binder jetting technology, fused deposition modeling, vat photopolymerization, and material extrusion method [ 30 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additively-Manufactured High-Concentration Nanocellulose Composites: Structure and Mechanical Properties

et al. 2023

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Additive manufacturing technology (AMT) has transformed polymer composites’ manufacturing process with its exceptional ability to construct complex products with unique materials, functions, and structures. Besides limiting studies of manufacturing arbitrarily shaped composites using AMT, printed structures with a high concentration of nanocellulose face adhesion issues upon drying, resulting in shape fidelity issues and low mechanical strength. This research demonstrates an economical approach to printing a high-concentration (25.46 wt%) nanocellulose (NC) layer-wise pattern to fabricate structures. Two different composites are fabricated: (1) 3D-printed pure and high-concentration (10, 15, and 20 wt%) polyvinyl-alcohol (PVA)-blended NC structures followed by freeze-drying and impregnation of Epofix resin by varying hardener contents; (2) 3D-printed PVA-blended NC green composites dried at cleanroom conditions (Relative humidity 45%; Temperature 25 °C). Different contents (10, 15, and 20 wt%) of PVA as a crosslinker were blended with NC to assist the printed layers’ adhesions. An optimum PVA content of 15 wt% and an Epofix resin with 4 wt% hardener cases showed the highest bending strength of 55.41 ± 3.63 MPa and elastic modulus of 4.25 ± 0.37 GPa. In contrast, the 15 wt% PVA-blended NC cleanroom-dried green composites without resin infusion showed bending strength and elastic modulus of 94.78 ± 3.18 MPa and 9.00 ± 0.27 GPa, reflecting high interface adhesions as confirmed by scanning electron microscope. This study demonstrated that AMT-based nanocellulose composites could be scaled up for commercial use.

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Development of Pure Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC) with Excellent 3D Printability and Macro‐ and Micro‐Structural Properties

Cited by 63 publications

References 70 publications

Parametric Modeling and Optimization of Dimensional Error and Surface Roughness of Fused Deposition Modeling Printed Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol Parts

Parametric Modeling and Optimization of Dimensional Error and Surface Roughness of Fused Deposition Modeling Printed Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol Parts

A Low-Cost Process for Fabricating Reinforced 3D Printing Thermoplastic Filaments

Additively-Manufactured High-Concentration Nanocellulose Composites: Structure and Mechanical Properties

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