Development of prenatal lateralization: Evidence from fetal mouth movements

Abstract

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Developmental trajectories of general and breathing movements in fetal twins

“…In line with most previous research (Conde et al, ; de Vries et al, ; Hata et al, ; Mulder et al, ; Reissland et al, ), no differences were found between males and females in mean levels and trajectories of breathing movements. However, sex differences were found for general movements, such that male were more active than female fetuses at 21 weeks of gestation and males had a steeper decline in general movements incidence during the second half of pregnancy.…”

“…Fetal movements appear to be associated with a number of factors including fetal sex, gestational age at birth, and birth weight. Regarding fetal sex, the results are inconsistent, with some studies showing that male fetuses are more active than female fetuses (Almli, Ball, & Wheeler, ; DiPietro, Hodgson, Costigan, Hilton, & Johnson, ), while most studies failed to find any sex differences in fetal movements incidence (Conde et al, ; de Vries, Visser, & Prechtl, ; Hata et al, ; Mulder et al, ; Reissland, Francis, Aydin, Mason, & Exley, ; Robles de Medina, Visser, Huizink, Buitelaar, & Mulder, ). The absence of breathing movements has been identified as the best predictor of preterm birth (Boots et al, ).…”

The role of 4D US in evaluation of fetal movements and facial expressions and their relationship with fetal neurobehaviour

“…They are represented by neutral mouth movements with a decreasing frequency with advancing gestation and lateralized mouth movements, which increase in frequency with advancing gestation [38] (fig 2a).…”

Current status of fetal neurodevelopmental assessment: Four‐dimensional ultrasound study

“…50 Moreover, there was a significant increase in the proportion of fetal lateralized mouth openings during pregnancy, and this was also evidence of left lateralization preference in mouth movement. 51 Reissland et al 10 suggest that FOMS is more sensitive to subtle behavioral changes than KANET, which focuses on gross motor behavior. Therefore, FOMS may have a marked potential for clinical use in diagnosing abnormal fetal neurodevelopment, which KANET might fail to detect.…”