Development of post-traumatic cysts in the spinal cord of rats subjected to severe spinal cord contusion

Guı́zar-Sahagún, Gabriel; Grijalva, Israel; Madrazo, Ignacio; Franco-Bourland, Rebecca E.; Salgado, Homero Martínez; Ibarra, Antonio; Oliva, Elena; Zepeda, Armando

doi:10.1016/0090-3019(94)90131-7

Cited by 70 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Four to 5 weeks after contusion, cysts are usually well defined. Guizar-Sahagun et al 43 also found that the final cell composition and thickness of cyst walls were not uniform. Cameron et al 44 also demonstrated that photochemically induced cystic lesions develop shortly after SCI in rats and volume of the cavity reaches a maximum 7 days after lesion induction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Guizar-Sahagun et al 43 demonstrated that there are three stages in the formation of post-traumatic cysts, namely, necrosis, repair, and stability. Microcystic cavities start to develop as early as 3 days after injury in the white and grey matter by parenchymal haemorrhage, vascular thrombosis, oedema, axonal segmentation, and inflammatory cell infiltration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In severe spinal cord injuries, such as the 120 g cm contusion injury described by Guizar-Sahagun, the developing cyst cavity is associated with disappearance of some of the injured cells from the SCI site. 43 This changes the number of injured cells in samples obtained from the spinal cord. These injured cells are replaced by various sized cavities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlation of injury severity and tissue Evans blue content, lipid peroxidation and clinical evaluation in acute spinal cord injury in rats

Kaptanoğlu

Okutan

Akbıyık

et al. 2004

Journal of Clinical Neuroscience

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Correlation of injury severity and tissue Evans blue content, lipid peroxidation and clinical evaluation in acute spinal cord injury in rats

Kaptanoğlu

Okutan

Akbıyık

et al. 2004

Journal of Clinical Neuroscience

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“…Orta şiddette oluşturulan travmalarda akson devamlılığının korunduğu, bununla birlikte selektif demiyelinizasyon olduğu gösterilmiştir. (29) Burada şiddetli bir travma oluşturulmasına karşın APC myelin kaybını azaltmıştır. Bu bulgu, Güler ve ark.…”

Section: Grup Apc 30unclassified

Neuroprotective Efficacy of Activated Protein C in An Experimental Spinal Cord Injury Model in Rats

Polat¹,

Gökmen²,

Öçmen³

et al. 2012

JTAICS

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“…From early experimental work on a weight-drop model of spinal cord injury, researchers reported the formation of extracanalicular syrinx cavities. 6,9,12,13,29,44 However, only a small proportion of the animals developed cavities, and some of these cavities resolved over time. 12 A combined weightdrop and arachnoiditis model was developed by Cho et al 9 to produce extracanalicular syringomyelia in rabbits.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct-trauma model of posttraumatic syringomyelia with a computer-controlled motorized spinal cord impactor

Wong

Song

Hemley³

et al. 2016

SPI

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OBJECTIVE The pathogenesis of posttraumatic syringomyelia remains enigmatic and is not adequately explained by current theories. Experimental investigations require a reproducible animal model that replicates the human condition. Current animal models are imperfect because of their low reliability, severe neurological deficits, or dissimilar mechanism of injury. The objective of this study was to develop a reproducible rodent model of posttraumatic syringomyelia using a spinal cord impactor that produces an injury that more closely mimics the human condition and does not produce severe neurological deficits. METHODS The study consisted of 2 parts. Seventy animals were studied overall: 20 in Experiment 1 and 48 in Experiment 2 after two rats with severe deficits were killed early. Experiment 1 aimed to determine the optimal force setting for inducing a cystic cavity without neurological deficits using a computer-controlled motorized spinal cord impactor. Twenty animals received an impact that ranged from 50 to 150 kDyn. Using the optimal force for producing an initial cyst determined from Experiment 1, Experiment 2 aimed to compare the progression of cavities in animals with and those without arachnoiditis induced by kaolin. Forty-eight animals were killed at 1, 3, 6, or 12 weeks after syrinx induction. Measurements of cavity size and maximum anteroposterior and lateral diameters were evaluated using light microscopy. RESULTS In Experiment 1, cavities were present in 95% of the animals. The duration of limb weakness and spinal cord cavity size correlated with the delivered force. The optimal force chosen for Experiment 2 was 75 kDyn. In Experiment 2, cavities occurred in 92% of the animals. Animals in the kaolin groups developed larger cavities and more vacuolations and enlarged perivascular spaces than those in the nonkaolin groups. CONCLUSIONS This impact model reliably produces cavities that resemble human posttraumatic syringomyelia and is suitable for further study of posttraumatic syringomyelia pathophysiology.

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Development of post-traumatic cysts in the spinal cord of rats subjected to severe spinal cord contusion

Cited by 70 publications

References 10 publications

Correlation of injury severity and tissue Evans blue content, lipid peroxidation and clinical evaluation in acute spinal cord injury in rats

Correlation of injury severity and tissue Evans blue content, lipid peroxidation and clinical evaluation in acute spinal cord injury in rats

Neuroprotective Efficacy of Activated Protein C in An Experimental Spinal Cord Injury Model in Rats

Direct-trauma model of posttraumatic syringomyelia with a computer-controlled motorized spinal cord impactor

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