Development of porous, antibacterial and biocompatible GO/n-HAp/bacterial cellulose/β-glucan biocomposite scaffold for bone tissue engineering

Khan, Muhammad Umar Aslam; Haider, Sajjad; Haider, Adnan; Razak, Saiful Izwan Abd; Kadir, Mohammed Rafiq Abdul; Shah, Saqlain A.; Javed, Aneela; Shakir, Imran; Al-Zahrani, Ateyah A.

doi:10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.102924

Cited by 70 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The sizes of the pores also influence the mechanical and physical properties of the material, where larger pores introduce more voids within the material, whereby the density of cellulose fibres are reduced. Subsequently, the reduction in density increases the overall porosity, which allows compounds/cells to be loaded more easily [31]. However, the reduction in the density of cellulose fibres detrimentally affects the tensile strength of the material.…”

Section: Pore Size and Fibre Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances and Applications of Bacterial Cellulose in Biomedicine

et al. 2021

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Bacterial cellulose (BC) is an extracellular polymer produced by Komagateibacter xylinus, which has been shown to possess a multitude of properties, which makes it innately useful as a next-generation biopolymer. The structure of BC is comprised of glucose monomer units polymerised by cellulose synthase in β-1-4 glucan chains which form uniaxially orientated BC fibril bundles which measure 3–8 nm in diameter. BC is chemically identical to vegetal cellulose. However, when BC is compared with other natural or synthetic analogues, it shows a much higher performance in biomedical applications, potable treatment, nano-filters and functional applications. The main reason for this superiority is due to the high level of chemical purity, nano-fibrillar matrix and crystallinity. Upon using BC as a carrier or scaffold with other materials, unique and novel characteristics can be observed, which are all relatable to the features of BC. These properties, which include high tensile strength, high water holding capabilities and microfibrillar matrices, coupled with the overall physicochemical assets of bacterial cellulose makes it an ideal candidate for further scientific research into biopolymer development. This review thoroughly explores several areas in which BC is being investigated, ranging from biomedical applications to electronic applications, with a focus on the use as a next-generation wound dressing. The purpose of this review is to consolidate and discuss the most recent advancements in the applications of bacterial cellulose, primarily in biomedicine, but also in biotechnology.

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Section: Pore Size and Fibre Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances and Applications of Bacterial Cellulose in Biomedicine

et al. 2021

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“…Different synthetic polymers (e.g., poly (vinyl alcohol) [73], carboxymethyl cellulose) [74], natural polymers (e.g., gelatin [75,76], alginate [77,78]), nanomaterials (e.g., hydroxyapatite (HAp) [79,80], bioactive glass (BG) [81,82], carbon nanotubes (CNTs) [83], graphene oxide (GO) [84]), proteins (e.g., collagen [85]), amino acid sequences (e.g., RGD 3366) with a bath-system (BioPuls) for uniaxial in aqua tension (d), schematic of getting effective elastic modulus of bulk hydrogel (e), custom-made attachment to fix stretched specimens to prevent elastic recovery (f), digital cameras (two) to evaluate changes in the geometry of specimens (g), and optical microscopical images of freeze-dried specimens to measure total volume (h). Reproduced with permission from [71].…”

Section: Surface Modification Of Bacterial Nanocellulosementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different synthetic polymers (e.g., poly (vinyl alcohol) [73], carboxymethyl cellulose) [74], natural polymers (e.g., gelatin [75,76], alginate [77,78]), nanomaterials (e.g., hydroxyapatite (HAp) [79,80], bioactive glass (BG) [81,82], carbon nanotubes (CNTs) [83], graphene oxide (GO) [84]), proteins (e.g., collagen [85]), amino acid sequences (e.g., RGD [86]), biomolecules (e.g., growth factors [87]), antifungals (propolis [52]), antioxidants (e.g., propolis [52], fisetin [88]), anti-inflammatory (propolis [52]), and antimicrobial agents (e.g., AgNPs, TiO 2 ) can be integrated with BNC by various strategies, using coating, gas plasma (e.g., nitrogen, oxygen) or irradiation (e.g., gamma) treatments, and surface sulfation or phosphorylation or other physical/chemical treatments to make BNC or BNCbased biomaterials more active as per desired applications [20]. Here, plasma techniques are effective strategies to change the BNC surface and optimize the biofunctionality without affecting native features [89].…”

Section: Surface Modification Of Bacterial Nanocellulosementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, this BNC/β-glucan/HAp-GO (0.4) biocomposite scaffolds showed more growth of MC3T3-E1 cells due to surface roughness, uniform interconnected pores, improved mechanical properties, and significant biochemical affinity for cell adhesion and proliferation. These characteristics of as-developed scaffolds are promising for fractured bones in the orthopedic area [84].…”

Section: Bacterial Nanocellulose/polymer/filler-based Biomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficacy of Bacterial Nanocellulose in Hard Tissue Regeneration: A Review

Kumar

Han

2021

Materials

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Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC, as exopolysaccharide) synthesized by some specific bacteria strains is a fascinating biopolymer composed of the three-dimensional pure cellulosic nanofibrous matrix without containing lignin, hemicellulose, pectin, and other impurities as in plant-based cellulose. Due to its excellent biocompatibility (in vitro and in vivo), high water-holding capacity, flexibility, high mechanical properties, and a large number of hydroxyl groups that are most similar characteristics of native tissues, BNC has shown great potential in tissue engineering applications. This review focuses on and discusses the efficacy of BNC- or BNC-based biomaterials for hard tissue regeneration. In this review, we provide brief information on the key aspects of synthesis and properties of BNC, including solubility, biodegradability, thermal stability, antimicrobial ability, toxicity, and cellular response. Further, modification approaches are discussed briefly to improve the properties of BNC or BNC-based structures. In addition, various biomaterials by using BNC (as sacrificial template or matrix) or BNC in conjugation with polymers and/or fillers are reviewed and discussed for dental and bone tissue engineering applications. Moreover, the conclusion with perspective for future research directions of using BNC for hard tissue regeneration is briefly discussed.

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“…A wide range of polymers have optimum properties, and they further provide opportunities to enhance bioactivity, cytocompatibility, and antibacterial properties by chemical modification [1][2][3]. Various studies have indicated that polymeric composite materials may be potentially used to repair cartilage, bone, and heart valves, and may be employed as skin, hip, and dental implants in biomedical applications [4][5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Current Trends of Polymers in Orthodontics: BPA-Free and Smart Materials

et al. 2021

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Polymeric materials have always established an edge over other classes of materials due to their potential applications in various fields of biomedical engineering. Orthodontics is an emerging field in which polymers have attracted the enormous attention of researchers. In particular, thermoplastic materials have a great future utility in orthodontics, both as aligners and as retainer appliances. In recent years, the use of polycarbonate brackets and base monomers bisphenol A glycerolate dimethacrylate (bis-GMA) has been associated with the potential release of bisphenol A (BPA) in the oral environment. BPA is a toxic compound that acts as an endocrine disruptor that can affect human health. Therefore, there is a continuous search for non-BPA materials with satisfactory mechanical properties and an esthetic appearance as an alternative to polycarbonate brackets and conventional bis-GMA compounds. This study aims to review the recent developments of BPA-free monomers in the application of resin dental composites and adhesives. The most promising polymeric smart materials are also discussed for their relevance to future orthodontic applications.

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Development of porous, antibacterial and biocompatible GO/n-HAp/bacterial cellulose/β-glucan biocomposite scaffold for bone tissue engineering

Cited by 70 publications

References 47 publications

Recent Advances and Applications of Bacterial Cellulose in Biomedicine

Recent Advances and Applications of Bacterial Cellulose in Biomedicine

Efficacy of Bacterial Nanocellulose in Hard Tissue Regeneration: A Review

A Review on Current Trends of Polymers in Orthodontics: BPA-Free and Smart Materials

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