Development of pharyngeal arch arteries in early mouse embryo

Hiruma, Tamiko; Nakajima, Yuji; Nakamura, Hiroaki

doi:10.1046/j.1469-7580.2002.00071.x

Cited by 146 publications

(168 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The basal vessel probably arises from pharyngeal arch arteries apparent in the cervical region by E9 (refs. 2,11 ). Based on earlier reports 11 , we suggest that the pial vessels develop into venous sinuses and the periventricular vessels into arterial networks.…”

Section: Telencephalic Angiogenesis Gradientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,11 ). Based on earlier reports 11 , we suggest that the pial vessels develop into venous sinuses and the periventricular vessels into arterial networks. The tapering vessels joining the periventricular and pial vessels (Fig.…”

Section: Telencephalic Angiogenesis Gradientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The basal vessel is likely to arise from the pharyngeal arch arteries that are apparent in the cervical region by E9 (refs. 2,11 ). The basal vessel produces periventricular branches, which form an orderly lattice in the ventral telencephalon.…”

Section: A New Model Of Telencephalic Angiogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Compartment-specific transcription factors orchestrate angiogenesis gradients in the embryonic brain

et al. 2008

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Prevailing notions of cerebral vascularization imply that blood vessels sprout passively into the brain parenchyma from pial vascular plexuses to meet metabolic needs of growing neuronal populations. Endothelial cells, building blocks of blood vessels, are thought to be homogeneous in the brain with respect to their origins, gene expression patterns and developmental mechanisms. These current notions that cerebral angiogenesis is regulated by local environmental signals contrast with current models of cell-autonomous regulation of neuronal development. Here we demonstrate that telencephalic angiogenesis in mice progresses in an orderly, ventral-to-dorsal gradient regulated by compartment-specific homeobox transcription factors. Our data offer new perspectives on intrinsic regulation of angiogenesis in the embryonic telencephalon, call for a revision of the current models of telencephalic angiogenesis and support novel roles for endothelial cells in brain development.Brain development is supported by concomitant development of brain vasculature. However, blood vessels or endothelial cells are generally considered to lack molecular diversity in the embryonic or mature CNS 1,2 . Currently, it is believed that once the perineural plexuses on the pial surface (pial vessels) surrounding the neural tube are produced, cerebral vasculature develops further by passive vessel sprouting into the brain parenchyma in response to increased tissue mass and oxygen demand 1,2 . Although classical studies identified a ventral to dorsal temporal developmental angiogenesis gradient in the telencephalon 3 , the sequence of angiogenesis was considered to merely shadow neurogenesis and neuronal maturation. Similarly, although shared mechanisms regulating vascular and neuronal development have been recognized 4 , the canonical principles of neuronal development are not seen as applicable to CNS angiogenesis.

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Section: Telencephalic Angiogenesis Gradientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Telencephalic Angiogenesis Gradientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Compartment-specific transcription factors orchestrate angiogenesis gradients in the embryonic brain

et al. 2008

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“…Septation is complete by 13.0 dpc so we chose to examine embryos at 12.5 dpc (Hiruma et al, 2002). Representative sections of 12.5 dpc control and mutant embryos are shown in Fig.…”

Section: Dpc Embryos In Control Embryos Development Of Cutaneous Nementioning

confidence: 99%

Requirement for Foxd3 in the maintenance of neural crest progenitors

et al. 2008

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Understanding the molecular mechanisms of stem cell maintenance is crucial for the ultimate goal of manipulating stem cells for the treatment of disease. Foxd3 is required early in mouse embryogenesis; Foxd3 -/-embryos fail around the time of implantation, cells of the inner cell mass cannot be maintained in vitro, and blastocyst-derived stem cell lines cannot be established. Here, we report that Foxd3 is required for maintenance of the multipotent mammalian neural crest. Using tissue-specific deletion of Foxd3 in the neural crest, we show that Foxd3 flox/-; Wnt1-Cre mice die perinatally with a catastrophic loss of neural crest-derived structures. Cranial neural crest tissues are either missing or severely reduced in size, the peripheral nervous system consists of reduced dorsal root ganglia and cranial nerves, and the entire gastrointestinal tract is devoid of neural crest derivatives. These results demonstrate a global role for this transcriptional repressor in all aspects of neural crest maintenance along the anterior-posterior axis, and establish an unprecedented molecular link between multiple divergent progenitor lineages of the mammalian embryo.

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“…For example, in mice, the stapedial artery, which passes through the ring of the stapes, persists throughout life 36 , whereas in humans, the embryonic stapedial artery disappears during gestation. In addition, the morphology of the mouse malleus differs from that of the human bone (see Figure 6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissection of the Auditory Bulla in Postnatal Mice: Isolation of the Middle Ear Bones and Histological Analysis

Sakamoto

Kuroda

Kanzaki

et al. 2017

JoVE

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In most mammals, auditory ossicles in the middle ear, including the malleus, incus and stapes, are the smallest bones. In mice, a bony structure called the auditory bulla houses the ossicles, whereas the auditory capsule encloses the inner ear, namely the cochlea and semicircular canals. Murine ossicles are essential for hearing and thus of great interest to researchers in the field of otolaryngology, but their metabolism, development, and evolution are highly relevant to other fields. Altered bone metabolism can affect hearing function in adult mice, and various gene-deficient mice show changes in morphogenesis of auditory ossicles in utero. Although murine auditory ossicles are tiny, their manipulation is feasible if one understands their anatomical orientation and 3D structure. Here, we describe how to dissect the auditory bulla and capsule of postnatal mice and then isolate individual ossicles by removing part of the bulla. We also discuss how to embed the bulla and capsule in different orientations to generate paraffin or frozen sections suitable for preparation of longitudinal, horizontal, or frontal sections of the malleus. Finally, we enumerate anatomical differences between mouse and human auditory ossicles. These methods would be useful in analyzing pathological, developmental and evolutionary aspects of auditory ossicles and the middle ear in mice.

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Development of pharyngeal arch arteries in early mouse embryo

Cited by 146 publications

References 24 publications

Compartment-specific transcription factors orchestrate angiogenesis gradients in the embryonic brain

Compartment-specific transcription factors orchestrate angiogenesis gradients in the embryonic brain

Requirement for Foxd3 in the maintenance of neural crest progenitors

Dissection of the Auditory Bulla in Postnatal Mice: Isolation of the Middle Ear Bones and Histological Analysis

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