Development of PET radiopharmaceuticals and their clinical applications at the Positron Medical Center

Abstract

The Positron Medical Center has developed a large number of radiopharmaceuticals and 36 radiopharmaceuticals have been approved for clinical use for studying aging and geriatric diseases, especially brain functions. Positron emission tomography (PET) has been used to provide a highly advanced PET-based diagnosis. The current status of the development of radiopharmaceuticals, and representative clinical and methodological results are reviewed.

A comprehensive strategy for dementia from primary prevention to end‐stage management

“…Furthermore, several prospective cohort studies have clarified the close relationship between dementia development and mid‐life lifestyle, specifically factors such as physical exercise and social engagement 6,7 . Amyloid imaging, fluorodeoxyglucose‐PET, and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers have contributed to early detection of dementia by acting as surrogate biomarkers that reflect the underlying pathological process 8,9 . In the future, standardisation and quality control of biomarkers in clinical trials of new drugs will be needed.…”

“…6,7 Amyloid imaging, fluorodeoxyglucose-PET, and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers have contributed to early detection of dementia by acting as surrogate biomarkers that reflect the underlying pathological process. 8,9 In the future, standardisation and quality control of biomarkers in clinical trials of new drugs will be needed.…”

Increased Adenosine A1 Receptor Levels in Hemianopia Patients After Cerebral Injury

“…Therefore, adenosine receptors are interesting targets of positron emission tomography (PET) for understanding the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of diseases and developing new therapeutics. 1Y3 We developed 11 C-8-dicyclopropylmethyl-1-methyl-3-propylxanthine (MPDX) and 11 C-(E)-8-(3,4,5-trimethoxystyryl)-1,3,7-trimethylxanthine for mapping adenosine A 1 receptor (A1R) and A 2A receptor, respectively 4 ; so far, both have been applied to Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases, respectively. 5,6 MPDX-PET was also applied preliminarily to patients with temporal lobe epilepsy.…”

“…5,6 MPDX-PET was also applied preliminarily to patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. 4 In their experimental studies, Nariai et al 7 demonstrated that the reduction of MPDX binding is more severe than those of glucose metabolism and 11 C-flumazenil (FMZ) binding to the central benzodiazepine receptor (cBZR) in an ischemic cat model. This suggests that MPDX-PET is preferable over 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET and FMZ-PET for the prediction of ischemic insults.…”

“…Recently, we reported the role of FMZ-PET in predicting longterm prognosis of hemianopia caused by organic brain damage. 4 …”