Development of perceptual correlates of reading performance

Musical experience shapes top-down auditory mechanisms: Evidence from masking and auditory attention performance

“…While there is considerable debate regarding the role of temporal processing in these disorders (Rosen et al, 2009), it appears that a temporal processing deficit affects a subset of children with specific language impairment (SLI) (Hartley and Moore, 2002;Hartley et al, 2003;Rosen and Manganari, 2001;Tallal et al, 1993;Wright, 1998Wright, , 2001Wright et al, 1997), dyslexia (Conlon et al, 2004;Hari and Kiesilä, 1996;Walker et al, 2006) and auditory processing disorder (APD) (Chermak, 2002;Chermak and Musiek, 1997;Moore, 2007). Within this subset, the impairments that children experience for identifying speech syllables may relate to the effect of backward masking produced by the vowel on the preceding consonant (Johnson et al, 2007;Rosen and Manganari, 2001).…”

Sequential Versus Simultaneous Processing Deficits in Developmental Dyslexia

“…Supporting the idea of a weak link between visual sequential processing and reading, Hood and Conlon (2004) failed to show that visual temporal order judgment performance of preschoolers predicted their reading skills at Grade 1 (see also Landerl & Willburger, 2010 for similar results in both the visual and the auditory modality). However, Walker et al (2006) showed that such performance significantly contributed to reading performance and phonological awareness abilities in a large sample of young and older adults with various reading levels.…”

“…It follows that auditory rapid sequential deficits may not be a condition sufficient and necessary to observe dyslexia. Nevertheless, available data suggests that such rapid sequential auditory processing plays a role in normal reading (Au & Lovegrove, 2001a, 2001b and phonological development (Walker, Hall, Klein, & Phillips, 2006). It has also been suggested that the phoneme processing difficulties of dyslexic participants could well be part of a more general, amodal, rapid sequential processing deficit (the "rate processing deficit" hypothesis) by introducing the hypothesis of a similar impairment in the visual modality.…”

“…However, the link between visual transient processing and reading was not always established in skilled readers (e.g., Au & Lovegrove, 2001a In the auditory modality, a transient processing deficit has also been reported with experimental paradigms similar to the ones used in the visual modality, such as silent gap detection or segregation tasks (when participants have to detect a silence inserted within an auditory stimulus: Helenius, Salmelin, Service, & Connolly, 1999), the apparent movement task (when auditory tones moves from one hear to the other: Hari & Kiesilä, 1996 but see Kronbichler, Hutzler, & Wimmer, 2002), or pitch and amplitude modulation discrimination tasks (when auditory stimuli progressively change in loudness or pitch: Witton, Stein, Stoodley, Rosner, & Talcott, 2002). Phonological skills (Talcott et al, 2000, but see Kidd & Hogben, 2007) and pseudo word reading (Au & Lovegrove, 2001a, 2001bWalker et al, 2006;Witton et al, 2002) performance has further been linked to auditory transient (i.e., magnocellular) performance. Some data further suggests a potential causal link between auditory transient processing and phonological skills (Schäffler, Sonntag, Hartnegg, & Fischer, 2004).…”

Adult developmental dyslexia in a shallow orthography: Are there subgroups?

“…This relation has been observed both in dyslexic adult (Laasonen et al, 2001(Laasonen et al, , 2002(Laasonen et al, , 2010 and general developmental samples (Walker, Hall, Klein, & Phillips, 2006). Despite the differences in group means, the performance of dyslexic and fluently reading groups has typically overlapped in these nonlinguistic tasks.…”