Development of non-enzymatic screen-printed carbon electrode sensor for glucose using cyclic voltammetry

Abstract

Enzyme-based sensors frequently produce unsatisfactory results such as poor reproducibility and insufficient long-term stability due to the natural instability of enzymes, stringent experimental conditions, and complicated immobilization procedures. Thus, an electrochemical non enzymatic sensor was fabricated by deposition of the multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NP) and also molecular imprinted polymer (MIP) on a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE). Then, the modified electrode (SPCE/MWCNT/ZnO/MIP) was formed on the surface area of the SPCE. This study wanted to demonstrate the glucose detection between molecular imprinted polymer (MIP) which contained glucose as template, o-phenylenediamine (oPD) and potassium persulfate as initiators in 0.1 M PBS at pH 7 and non-imprinted polymer (NIP) without addition of the template. The characterization and evaluation of various factor such as sensitivity, selectivity and limit of detection (LOD) were investigated through cyclic voltammetry (CV) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to look up onto the surface area of the modified electrode. The SPCE/MWCNT/ZnO/MIP electrode sensor showed a linear glucose concentration range from 0, 0.5, 1, 2 to 5 mM (R2 = 0.9709). The sensitivity of the sensor was 0.3386 μA mM-1 cm-2 with low detection limit of 1.81 mM. The sensor showed good stability and reproducibility along with excellent anti-interference properties to ascorbic acid, lactic acid, tartaric acid, and acetic acid. Finally, the applicability of the as-prepared SPCE/MWCNT/ZnO/MIP electrode sensor was successfully studied for detection of glucose. The results obtained for our sensor confirm that it is a promising non-enzymatic glucose sensor to be used for practical purpose.

Review on Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (MIP) for Electrochemical Sensor Development

“…The unique feature of the MIP allows it to be more advantageous compared to its biological sibling, whereby it has the ability to be produced at a lower cost and having a longer life-span with good storage stability (Cheong, Yang and Ali, 2013;Li et al, 2019;Md Shakhih et al, 2021). The high specificity and selectivity (Bt Ahamad Mashat et al, 2022) of MIP towards the target molecule make it a good candidate to replace biological receptors in biosensors and opened its potential in replacing and improving biological system-based biosensors (Farooq et al, 2022;Ramanavičius et al, 2022). Besides its usage in biomolecules detection, MIP can also be used in detecting environmental pollutants and used for water treatment (Sarpong et al, 2019) Based on a recent research, scholars have been classifying the receptor and transducer as the basic components of biosensor (Cui, Zhou and Zhou, 2020).…”