Development of Ni catalysts for gas production from biomass gasification. Reactivity in steam- and dry-reforming

Courson, Claire; Makaga, E; Petit, C.; Kiennemann, A.

doi:10.1016/s0920-5861(00)00488-0

Cited by 193 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The majority of these studies have been conducted on high surface area supports, which are suitable for fixed bed reactors, but are not wellsuited for operation in a fluidized bed reactor where attrition is a concern. Corella et al and other investigators [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] have examined inexpensive materials such as naturally occurring olivine and dolomite as catalysts and guard beds for tar destruction before conditioned syngas is sent to an additional reforming reactor. Dolomite and olivine have been shown to have good tar reforming activity and can extend the lifetime of downstream catalysts, but both catalysts have relatively low activity for steam reforming of light hydrocarbons (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demonstration and Characterization of Ni/Mg/K/AD90 Used for Pilot-Scale Conditioning of Biomass-Derived Syngas

Yung

Magrini‐Bair

Parent³

et al. 2009

Catal Lett

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A fluidizable, Ni/Mg/K/AD90(90% a-Al 2 O 3 ) catalyst was evaluated in a pilot-scale study with oakderived syngas for tar and methane reforming at 900°C. The catalyst was operated in a semi-batch mode for ten individual reaction cycles, each separated by a regeneration protocol consisting of steaming followed by H 2 reduction. During the experiment, subsequent reaction cycles showed a decrease in activity as indicated by decreased initial methane conversion. During each reaction cycle, H 2 S poisoning was the dominant deactivation mechanism, while coking was deemed to be minor in comparison. Catalyst characterization by XRD and TPR suggest that the loss of activity for subsequent reaction cycles coincides with the formation of a NiAl 2 O 4 species that is not fully reduced under process conditions, which in turn results in a decreased number of potential metallic nickel (Ni 0 ) sites available for hydrocarbon steam reforming. An increase in nickel crystallite size with time-on-stream was also observed using XRD, indicating that sintering may also play a role in loss of catalyst activity, although this is not considered the primary deactivation mechanism because activity loss was observed even when nickel crystallite sizes remained nearly constant.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demonstration and Characterization of Ni/Mg/K/AD90 Used for Pilot-Scale Conditioning of Biomass-Derived Syngas

Yung

Magrini‐Bair

Parent³

et al. 2009

Catal Lett

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“…One study reported that 0.62 kg of gas from 1 kg of biomass can be produced via gasification of switch grass with H 2 /CO gas yield 0.54 (kg/kg weight of dry gas produced per unit weight of feedstock) [33]. It would be advantageous to produce syngas of specific composition dependent on downstream use as well as increase its yield and some of this tuning might come via catalytic methane and tar reforming, which are components formed in the gasification process [34]. One way to reduce tars that form is through catalytic decomposition and ideally at temperatures similar to those being used in the gasifier [35].…”

Section: Waste Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waste into Fuel—Catalyst and Process Development for MSW Valorisation

et al. 2018

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Abstract:The present review paper highlights recent progress in the processing of potential municipal solid waste (MSW) derived fuels. These wastes come from the sieved fraction (∅ < 40 mm), which, after sorting, can differ in biodegradable fraction content ranging from 5-60%. The fuels obtained from these wastes possess volumetric energy densities in the range of 15.6-26.8 MJL −1 and are composed mainly of methanol, ethanol, butanol, and carboxylic acids. Although these waste streams are a cheap and abundant source (and decrease the fraction going to landfills), syngas produced from MSW contains various impurities such as organic compounds, nitrogen oxides, sulfur, and chlorine components. These limit its use for advanced electricity generation especially for heat and power generation units based on high temperature fuel cells such as solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) or molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFC). In this paper, we review recent research developments in the continuous MSW processing for syngas production specifically concentrating on dry reforming and the catalytic sorbent effects on effluent and process efficiency. A particular emphasis is placed on waste derived biofuels, which are currently a primary candidate for a sustainable biofuel of tomorrow, catalysts/catalytic sorbents with decreased amounts of noble metals, their long term activity, and poison resistance, and novel nano-sorbent materials. In this review, future prospects for waste to fuels or chemicals and the needed research to further process technologies are discussed.

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“…Use of catalysts can eliminate / break down tar in biomass gasification processes to an extent, however at the cost of catalyst deactivation and fouling by the carbon build-up on the surface of the catalyst [34][35][36][37][38]. Tar in the product gases condenses at low temperature, and leads to blockage in fuel lines, filters and engines.…”

Section: Simulation Of Basic Process Flowsheetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat Integration Strategy for Economic Production of Combined Heat and Power from Biomass Waste

Sadhukhan¹,

Ng²,

Shah³

et al. 2009

Energy Fuels

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The objective of this work was to design heat integrated, cost-effective and cleaner combined heat and power (CHP) generation plant from low cost 4 th generation biomass waste feedstocks. The novelty lies in the development of systematic site-wide heat recovery and integration strategies amongst biomass integrated gasification combined cycle processes so as to offset the low heating value of the biomass waste feedstocks. For the biomass waste based CHP plant technical and economic analysis, the process was based on low cost agricultural wastes like straws as the biomass feedstock and further established for a more predominant biomass feedstock, wood. The process was modeled using the ASPEN simulator. Three conceptual flowsheets were proposed, based on the integration of the flue gas from the char combustor, which was separately carried out from the steam gasification of biomass volatalised gases and tars, and carbon dioxide removal strategies. The cost of energy production included detailed levelised discounted cash flow analysis and was found to be strongly influenced by the cost of feedstock. Based on a combined energy generation of ~340-370 MW using straw wastes priced at 35.3 £/t or 40 Euro/t, with 8.5% and 8.61% by mass moisture and ash contents respectively, the cost of electricity generation was 4.59 p/kWh and 5.14 p/kWh for the cases without and with carbon capture respectively, with a 10% internal rate of return and 25 years of plant life. Based on the carbon capture value assigned by Carbon Credits Trading scheme, a much constrained viable price of 22 £/t of such agricultural waste feedstocks for CHP generation was obtained, while up to 60 £/t of waste feedstocks can be economically viable under the UK Climate Change Levy, respectively.

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Development of Ni catalysts for gas production from biomass gasification. Reactivity in steam- and dry-reforming

Cited by 193 publications

References 10 publications

Demonstration and Characterization of Ni/Mg/K/AD90 Used for Pilot-Scale Conditioning of Biomass-Derived Syngas

Demonstration and Characterization of Ni/Mg/K/AD90 Used for Pilot-Scale Conditioning of Biomass-Derived Syngas

Waste into Fuel—Catalyst and Process Development for MSW Valorisation

Heat Integration Strategy for Economic Production of Combined Heat and Power from Biomass Waste

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