“…Therefore, it can effectively solve the problems of AH36 steel arc welding, such as large deformation, large residual stress, and high crack sensitivity. This feature makes laser welding more and more widely used [5,6]. Webster et al [7] used laser welding of thick steel plates and found that the welding speed was very fast, the plate deformation was small, the melt pool depth was large, and the thick steel plate could be welded through in a single pass.…”
The weld penetration variation in laser-MIG hybrid welding under sensitive laser power range was investigated by welding experiments and CFD (computational fluid dynamics) simulation. During this investigation, joints of AH36 sheets were welded with varying laser powers by the laser-MIG hybrid welding process. In addition, the CFD model was established based on experimental parameters and measurement results. Moreover, surface tension, electromagnetic force, buoyancy, recoil pressure, evaporative condensation, evaporative heat exchange, melt drop transfer, and other factors were considered. The influence of various factors on molten pool depth and keyhole depth were studied, including temperature, velocity, and flow direction of liquid metal. The results show that the weld-forming effect is better at the laser power is 7.5 kW in the range of sensitive laser power. After the keyhole is formed, its depth gradually entered the stage of linear increase, oscillation increase, and oscillation balance. Increasing the laser power can effectively shorten the time of the two growth stages and allow the keyhole to enter the balance stage earlier. During the oscillation balance state of the keyhole, the molten metal under the keyhole flowed to the molten pool root in the reverse direction of welding; it can also promote weld penetration.
“…Therefore, it can effectively solve the problems of AH36 steel arc welding, such as large deformation, large residual stress, and high crack sensitivity. This feature makes laser welding more and more widely used [5,6]. Webster et al [7] used laser welding of thick steel plates and found that the welding speed was very fast, the plate deformation was small, the melt pool depth was large, and the thick steel plate could be welded through in a single pass.…”
The weld penetration variation in laser-MIG hybrid welding under sensitive laser power range was investigated by welding experiments and CFD (computational fluid dynamics) simulation. During this investigation, joints of AH36 sheets were welded with varying laser powers by the laser-MIG hybrid welding process. In addition, the CFD model was established based on experimental parameters and measurement results. Moreover, surface tension, electromagnetic force, buoyancy, recoil pressure, evaporative condensation, evaporative heat exchange, melt drop transfer, and other factors were considered. The influence of various factors on molten pool depth and keyhole depth were studied, including temperature, velocity, and flow direction of liquid metal. The results show that the weld-forming effect is better at the laser power is 7.5 kW in the range of sensitive laser power. After the keyhole is formed, its depth gradually entered the stage of linear increase, oscillation increase, and oscillation balance. Increasing the laser power can effectively shorten the time of the two growth stages and allow the keyhole to enter the balance stage earlier. During the oscillation balance state of the keyhole, the molten metal under the keyhole flowed to the molten pool root in the reverse direction of welding; it can also promote weld penetration.
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