Development of nanolubricant automotive air conditioning (AAC) test rig

Redhwan, A. A. M.; Azmi, W.H.; Sharif, M. Z.; Hagos, Ftwi Yohaness

doi:10.1051/matecconf/20179001050

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Striking an optimal balance between achieving the desired cooling performance and maintaining an acceptable level of energy efficiency becomes a primary goal. This aligns with the findings of previous studies by Redhwan, Azmi, Sharif and Hagos [10] and Sharif, Azmi, Zawawi and Ghazali [5], further validating the importance of these considerations. The optimal operating point for maximizing cooling capacity while maintaining an acceptable coefficient of performance (COP) in the automotive air conditioning system is achieved when employing the R1234yf's refrigerant at a weight range of 220 to 240 kg.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Performance analysis of automotive air conditioning systems with electric compressors using R1234yf refrigerant: Insights into power consumption, cooling capacity, and energy efficiency

Sharif,

Azmi,

Ismail

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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R1234yf, a low global warming potential (GWP) refrigerant, offers a promising alternative to traditional refrigerants like R134a. This study analyzes automotive air conditioning systems (AAC) equipped with electric compressors and utilizing R1234yf refrigerant. The interrelationships between refrigerant charge, compressor speed, power consumption, cooling capacity, and energy efficiency are examined. The results show that increasing refrigerant charge and compressor speed leads to higher power consumption due to increased compressor work. However, higher refrigerant charges and compressor speeds improve cooling capacity in line with heat transfer principles. As refrigerant charge and compressor speed increase, the energy efficiency, measured by the Coefficient of Performance (COP), tends to decrease, indicating a trade-off between cooling capacity and energy efficiency. Optimizing refrigerant charge and compressor speed is crucial to strike a balance between cooling performance and energy efficiency. R134a outperforms R1234yf, with an average percent difference in COP approximately 25% higher at all compressor speeds. This study contributes to the understanding of AAC system performance and guides the development of energy-efficient automotive air conditioning. Future research can further explore system components and conditions to enhance energy efficiency and advance air conditioning technology.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Performance analysis of automotive air conditioning systems with electric compressors using R1234yf refrigerant: Insights into power consumption, cooling capacity, and energy efficiency

Sharif,

Azmi,

Ismail

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…A nanofluid is generally understood to mean a suspension of nano-sized particles having diameter of about 1 nm to 100 nm in a conventional base fluid [2][3][4]. The beauty of nanofluid is that it can improve or enhance thermo-physical properties such as thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, viscosity and convective heat transfer coefficient [5][6][7][8][9][10]. Nanofluids are generally classified into two categories, namely metallic nanofluids (aluminium, copper, nickel, etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal conductivity and viscosity of deionised water and ethylene glycol-based nanofluids

Abdullah¹,

Mohamad²,

Hashim³

et al. 2016

J. MECH. ENG. SCI.

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This paper focused on thermal conductivity and viscosity of deionised water and ethylene glycol-based nanofluids at three different temperatures (6C, 25C and 40C). For the preparation of nanofluids, a two-step method, comprised of homogenisation and sonication, was used on a mixture of MWCNT-OH, PVP and the base fluid. The results revealed that thermal conductivity was enhanced by about 8.86% for 0.8 wt% deionised water-based MWCNT-OH nanofluid, and by 5.37% for 0.2 wt% ethylene glycol-based MWCNT-OH nanofluid. Meanwhile, in viscosity test, the highest temperature of 40C exhibited lowest viscosity. This phenomenon happened only with ethylene glycol-based nanofluid, whilst the data on the viscosity of deionised water-based nanofluid was inconsistent at certain nanofluid concentrations . In conclusion, addition of MWCNT-OH into base fluid enhanced base fluid performance , giving it the potential to be used in cooling system applications.

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“…Fluids having this combination of features are not in existence until the advent of nanofluids. Through the invention of nano-coolants, nanofluid technology contributes to a more energy-efficient and cost-effective process [5][6][7][8][9]. These nanofluids can be used in a wide range of industrial applications [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the past two decades, promising results in experimental and theoretical studies in the literature reviews have shown that nanofluids have an extensive range of potential applications for heat transfer systems such as in automobile radiators [21], refrigerators [6,22,23], solar collectors [24], mini channels [25] and electronics [26]. However, only a few studies of electronic coolants using nanofluids have been established as being related to CPU cooling [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of thermal characteristics of CNF-based nanofluids for electronic cooling applications

Abidin¹,

Mohamad²,

Hashim³

et al. 2016

J. MECH. ENG. SCI.

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A major problem being faced by existing coolants is the limited amount of heat that can be absorbed by the fluids. An innovative way to overcome this limitation is by utilizing a nano-coolant as a heat transfer medium in a cooling application. This paper was aimed at formulating an efficient nanofluid from Pyrograf III HHT24 carbon nanofibers (CNF) in a base fluid consisting of deionized water (DI) and ethylene glycol (EG) with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as the dispersant. The experiment was conducted by setting the variable weight percentage of CNF from 0.1 wt% to 1.0 wt%, with the base fluid ratio of 90:10 (DI:EG) weight percent. Then, the thermal properties of the formulated nanofluids were investigated. The test on the thermal conductivity of the nanofluids showed that the highest thermal conductivity of 0.642 W/m.K in this experiment was produced when the concentration of nanofluid is 0.5 wt% at a temperature of 40°C. Experimental investigations into the forced convective heat transfer performance of the CNF-based nanofluid in a laminar flow through a mini heat transfer test rig showed that the presence of nanoparticles enhanced the heat transfer coefficient as opposed to the original base fluid. The highest heat transfer coefficient was reported using nanofluid with a concentration of 0.6 wt% at 40°C. The enhancement of the heat transfer coefficient was due to the higher thermal conductivity value. The Nusselt number was also calculated and presented in this paper. This study showed that the CNF-based nanofluids have a huge potential to replace existing coolants in electronic cooling applications. Thus, in order to commercialize nanofluids in practice, more fundamental studies are needed to understand the crucial parameters that affect their thermal characteristics.

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Development of nanolubricant automotive air conditioning (AAC) test rig

Cited by 15 publications

References 8 publications

Performance analysis of automotive air conditioning systems with electric compressors using R1234yf refrigerant: Insights into power consumption, cooling capacity, and energy efficiency

Performance analysis of automotive air conditioning systems with electric compressors using R1234yf refrigerant: Insights into power consumption, cooling capacity, and energy efficiency

Thermal conductivity and viscosity of deionised water and ethylene glycol-based nanofluids

Investigation of thermal characteristics of CNF-based nanofluids for electronic cooling applications

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