Development of nano-oxide dispersed 304L steels by mechanical milling and conventional sintering

Abstract

In the present work an attempt has been made to synthesize 304L stainless steels alloy powders with nominal compositions 70.00Fe-19.00Cr-11.00Ni (alloy A), 69.00Fe-19.00Cr-11.00Ni-1.0 Y 2 O 3 (alloy B), and 69.00Fe-19.00Cr-11.00Ni-1.0 TiO 2 (alloy C), (all in wt.%) by mechanical milling and conventional sintering at 1150°C for 1.0 hour in argon atmosphere. Extensive characterization has been done by SEM, TEM, X-ray diffraction analysis, EDS and particle size analysis at different stages of milling. The minimum crystallite size of powder at final stage of milling was found in the range of 20-25 nm. The bulk hardness values of base and Oxide dispersion strengthened alloys are 2.628 GPa, 4.125 GPa (average) respectively. Wear resistance of TiO 2 dispersed alloy C is found to be superior to that of yttria dispersed alloy B and base alloy A. The nanometric oxide (20-25 nm) particles uniformly dispersed in the alloy matrix contribute to superior mechanical properties.

Characterisation and structural transformation of yttria dispersed austenitic steel through VHP

“…Karak et Al. developed 304 L austenitic stainless steel dispersed with 1 wt-% Y 2 O 3 [41]. SEM-EDS studies revealed the formation of ferrite phase which is due to the presence of high chromium content.…”

“…Few researchers studied the development of austenitic stainless steel, as dispersed with Y 2 O 3 . Karak et al developed 304 L austenitic stainless steel dispersed with 1 wt-% Y 2 O 3 [41]. SEM-EDS studies revealed the formation of ferrite phase which is due to the presence of high chromium content.…”

Enhanced Wear and Corrosion Performance of Stainless Steel 316L with Addition of Different Weight Percentages of GNP

“…Kumar et al fabricated Y2O3/TiO2 reinforced 304L stainless steel nanocomposites using mechanical alloying (MA). They reported that the hardness and wear resistance grew with the addition of nanoparticle reinforcement in a 304L steel matrix [7]. Zou et al investigated the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) of SiC-reinforced 316L stainless steel metallic matrix composites (MMCs) to improve the ultimate tensile strength and wear resistance.…”