Development of myelodysplastic syndrome evolving to acute myeloid leukemia in a patient receiving etanercept for psoriasis

Acute Lymphoid Leukemia After Anti-TNF-alpha Treatment: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

“…7 In the literature, acute leukemia cases due to anti-TNF-a treatment were also reported; however, not as much as lymphoma. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] First case was published in 2003. 8 The Food and Drug Administration declared 44 AML cases which developed under the treatment of anti-TNF-a drugs.…”

“…9 The relevant case reports about acute leukemia after anti-TNF-a treatment published on MEDLINE are reviewed in Table 1. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16] Ten of the 13 reported patients who developed acute leukemia after anti-TNF-a had AML. AML development may be attributed to higher incidence of this disorder in adults; however, Ph chromosome positivity in all of the three ALL cases is interesting.…”

A Child with Psoriasis, Hypogammaglobulinemia, and Monosomy 7-Positive Myelodysplastic Syndrome

“…A current hypothesis claims that in genetically predisposed persons, nonspecific stimulation of T-cells amplifies epidermal growth in psoriasis [ 8 ]. In the literature, the only relevant paper revealed MDS in an adult with psoriasis that occurred after etanercept treatment [ 9 ]. Although the number, distribution, and activity of T-cells were normal in our patient, the disappearance of psoriatic lesions after BMT may indicate an intrinsic T-cell defect,which is also a new finding.…”