Development of multi-material hybrid yarns consisting of steel, glass and polypropylene filaments for fiber hybrid composites

Abstract

With the increased use of fiber-reinforced composites (FRPs), the design of a new generation of composite structures with high stiffness and a ductile material behavior is required to cope with complex load scenarios and high damage tolerances. This can be achieved, in particular, by a combination of conventional FRPs, which possess high stiffness and strength, with metallic materials characterized by their high ductility and associated higher energy absorption capacity. Currently, there are no solutions for the hybridization of high-performance filament yarns, metal filament yarns or thermoplastic filament yarns at the micro level. Therefore, the aim of this paper is the hybridization of multi-fiber components intermixed at the micro scale. For this purpose, three hybridization processes were investigated. They are conventional air-jet technology, air-jet technology based on a modified air nozzle and an additional pre-spreading device and a process based on a newly developed multi-level-intermixing device. The effect of different processing parameters, such as air pressure, air nozzle and type of manufacturing, on the tensile properties, appearance and damage of multi-material hybrid yarn was analyzed. The results show that the developed multi-material hybrid yarns have high potential for use in composites with high requirements for crash and impact properties.

Investigations on the development of impact-resistant thermoplastic fibre hybrid composites from glass and steel fibre

“…It begins with the selection of raw filament yarns composed of glass, steel and polypropylene. This initial stage is followed by the use of a multi-level-intermixing system to blend the yarns, a process described in detail in reference 22. The yarns are then subjected to a winding process to create a unidirectional textile structure, which is then consolidated by a compression moulding technique.…”

“…Both were produced by the Multi-level-intermixing process. 22 By varying the material composition, the influence on the mechanical properties of the hybrid yarns and the composites based on them will be investigated. The proportions of different fibre components in the developed hybrid yarns are shown in Table 2.…”

“…Literature and research reports show that the production of hybrid yarns consisting of metal filament yarns and high-performance filament yarns is sparse compared to hybrid yarns consisting of high-performance filament yarns such as glass, carbon and aramid combined with thermoplastic filament yarns. In our previous paper, 22 the development and tensile properties of multimaterial hybrid yarns from glass, steel and polypropylene were reported. The main objective of this study is to develop a fibre hybrid composite based on hybrid yarn consisting of glass, steel and polypropylene filament yarns and to compare its tensile and impact properties with those of the composite reinforced only with glass filament yarn.…”