Development of Melting and Thermomechanical-Processing Parameters for a High-Nitrogen Stainless Steel Prepared by Plasma-Arc Remelting

Torkhov, G. F.; Latash, Yu. V.; Fessler, R. R.; Clauer, A. H.; Fletcher, E. E.; Hoffmanner, A. L.

doi:10.1007/bf03354393

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Therefore a shift from induction furnaces poured under pressure to remelting under pressure was observed. Yet degassing may oeeur in molten regions not covered by the arc (Rashev 1995;Torkhov et al 1978), see also Seet. 4.3a), in the seventies in Buigaria (Fig.…”

Section: Alloyingmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Nitrogen Steels

Gavriljuk¹,

Berns²

1999

Engineering Materials

387

110

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The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, ete. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.Typesetting: Camera-ready eopies from authors Cover-Design: MEDIO, Berlin Printed on acid-free paper SPIN 10730039 6213020 5 4 3 2 1 0 to BELA and ISOLDE PrefaceDuring the second half of this century the nitrogen concentration of steel moved in both directions: down in constructional grades by oxygen blowing to prevent brittle fracture upon age hardening at ambient temperature and up in stainless grades to improve strength, corrosion resistance and austenite stability. The gradual recognition of the beneficial effects of this element on the properties of high alloy steels led to a widespread development of high nitrogen steels (HNS) documented by numerous applications and the proceedings of five HNS conferences at LilIe (France) 1988, Aachen (Germany) 1990, Kiev (Ukraine) 1993, Kyoto (Japan) 1996 and HelsinkilStockholm (FinnlandISweden) 1998. The word "high" in HNS is not clearly defined but accounts e.g. for 0.1 mass% of nitrogen in creep resistant steels, 0.9 mass% in stainless grades or 2 mass% in tool steels. "High" best refers to "intentionally raised" by appropriate alloying or by pressure and powder metallurgy. For convenience steel grades are designated by their approximate content of alloying elements in mass% omitting unintentional minor additons of Si, Mn, C, P, S asf. As an example Cr22Ni5M03NO.2 stands for a stainless duplex grade.The present book starts by comparing the effects of nitrogen and carbon on the atomic structure and interaction within the crystallattice. Next the constitution of HNS is investigated leading to specific microstructural features. Based on this background the mechanisms behind the mechanical, chemical and tribological properties of HNS are derived. This concludes the fundamentals treated in chapters one to three. Chapter four comes down to shop practice of manufacturing HNS which, in respect to e.g. melting, hot working, and welding, may be quite different from respective carbon grades. In chapter five, different HNS for special applications are presented like e.g. hardenable steels for stainless bearings, high strength austenitic steels for non-magnetic retaining rings, superaustenitic stainless sheet for the chemical industry or solution nitrided impellers for pumps. Chapter six is an attempt to summarize key aspects of HNS.The book is meant for material scientist working in the field of high alloy steels and also for engineers engaged in materials technology, material selection and design. The work covers a wide scope from the atomic structure to the application of HNS and was written by a metal physicist and an engineer.

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Section: Alloyingmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Nitrogen Steels

Gavriljuk¹,

Berns²

1999

Engineering Materials

387

110

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“…High nitrogen steels are made by induction furnaces, 1,2) arc furnaces, 1,3,4) AOD furnaces, 5) Plasma arc furnaces 6,7,8) and pressure ESR process, 2,8,9) pressure arc slag process. 10) These steels made by conventional induction or arc furnace involves addition of nitrided ferro-alloys for nitrogen alloying and the addition is usually made in the final stages and casted with less holding time to minimise nitrogen loss.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,[6][7][8][9][10][11]12) There is no study reported as to why high nitrogen steels melted by induction or arc melting could be processed through conventional ESR route without pressure. In the present investigation, this aspect has been examined along with the characterisation of a typical cast high nitrogen steel for microstructure and mechanical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing Nickel Free High Nitrogen Austenitic Stainless Steels through Conventional Electroslag Remelting Process.

et al. 2000

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“…There are some reports about high nitrogen steels melted by a high pressure induction furnacel,2) and a plasma furnace. 3) Recently pressurized electroslag remelting process (PESR)has been developed as a manufacturing process for high nitrogen steels. 4,5) This process needs a closed pressure vessel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deoxidation and desulfurization of pressurized liquid high nitrogen stainless steels with calcium.

Mineura

Takahashi²,

Tanaka

1990

ISIJ International

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High N-20Cr-10Ni stainless steels in the range of 0.25-0.7"/•N were melted by a high pressure induction furnace. These molten metals were deoxidized and desulfurized by calcium after pre-deoxidation by aluminum. It But if calcium can be added under a higher pressure than the vapor pressure to prevent its boiling and in an inert gas atmosphere to protect its oxidation, it will work as a strong deoxidizer and desulfurizer, and the calcium addition will become an economically cheap method, since it saves the refining time.In the present study, we produced high N-20Cr-lONi stainless steels with nitrogen contents up to 0.8 wto/o by a high pressure induction furnace, and investigated the effectiveness of calcium addition for the deoxidation and desulfurization in the process. 2.Experimental Method Fig. I

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Development of Melting and Thermomechanical-Processing Parameters for a High-Nitrogen Stainless Steel Prepared by Plasma-Arc Remelting

Cited by 11 publications

References 5 publications

High Nitrogen Steels

High Nitrogen Steels

Processing Nickel Free High Nitrogen Austenitic Stainless Steels through Conventional Electroslag Remelting Process.

Deoxidation and desulfurization of pressurized liquid high nitrogen stainless steels with calcium.

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