Development of macroporous eggshell derived apatite bone cement for non-load bearing defect repair in orthopedics

Dewangan, Vimal Kumar; Kumar, T.S. Sampath; Doble, Mukesh; Varghese, Viju Daniel

doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2022.08.270

Cited by 3 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The nanocrystalline HA was synthesized via microwave accelerated wet chemical synthesis route using di-ammonium hydrogen phosphate and calcium nitrate as precursors mixed at Ca/P molar ratio 1.67 as per protocol mentioned in the literature. 20,21,29 The whole synthesis was maintained at pH 10.5 using ammonia solution and after mixing was irradiated for 30 min in a microwave oven (LG, India)…”

Section: Nanocrystalline Ha Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During this indentation, when a light needle (Ø = 5 mm) leaves no visible mark onto the surface of the cement pastes, then initial setting time was recorded, followed by a heavy needle (Ø = 1 mm) when leaves no visible mark onto the surface of the cement pastes, recorded the final setting time of the cement. 21,30 The (%) injectability of prepared cement pastes was determined as per the literature reported. 21 For this, a 5 mL disposable syringe (with inner aperture nozzle Ø = 2 mm) was filled with the freshly prepared cement pastes (n = 3), each weighing about 2 g. The formula followed to determine the maximum cement paste extrusion (by hand) from the syringe is:…”

Section: Cement Setting Time and Injectability Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mannitol is used as solid porogen agent in the solid phase of the bone cement. 20,21 Eggshell, one of the largest abundant natural source present in the world is rich in calcium (up to 94%) along with some trace ions such as Mg 2+ , Sr 2+ , SiO 4 2À , K + , F À , and Na + and so forth (also present in ideal natural bone in traces) that has potential to mimic the ideal bone morphology. These biologically relevant trace ions play a key role in bone remodeling by substituting Ca 2+ , PO 4 2À , and OH À in the HA lattice and ultimately improve the performance of bone substitutes in vivo.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These biologically relevant trace ions play a key role in bone remodeling by substituting Ca 2+ , PO 4 2À , and OH À in the HA lattice and ultimately improve the performance of bone substitutes in vivo. [21][22][23] The antibiotics in the bone cement are selected based on its ability to exhibit desired drug release behavior (kinetics) without compromising its mechanical properties, and its effectiveness against a broad range of clinically isolated sensitive and drug-resistant bacterial strains and delay in emergence of resistance. 24 The antibiotics (gentamicin, meropenem, rifampicin, and vancomycin) used in this study are commonly used in orthopedic implant associated infection due to their ultra-broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against the majority of gram-positive, gram-negative, and anaerobic pathogens and possess strong bactericidal effects by inhibiting the biosynthesis of proteins.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fabrication of injectable antibiotic‐loaded apatitic bone cements with prolonged drug delivery for treating post‐surgery infections

Dewangan

Kumar

Doble

et al. 2023

J Biomedical Materials Res

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Antibiotic‐loaded bioactive bone substitutes are widely used for treating various orthopedic diseases and prophylactically to avoid post implantation infection. Calcium deficient hydroxyapatite (also known as apatitic bone cement) is a potential bioactive bone substitute in orthopedics due to its chemical composition similar to that of natural bone minerals. In this study, fabrication of mannitol (a solid porogen) incorporated injectable synthetic (Syn) and eggshell derived (ESD) apatitic bone cements loaded with antibiotics (gentamicin/meropenem/ rifampicin/vancomycin) was investigated. The release kinetics of the antibiotics were studied by fitting them with different kinetic models. All the antibiotics‐loaded apatitic bone cements set within clinically accepted setting time (20 ± 2 min) and with good injectability (>70%). The antibiotics released from these bone cements were found to be controlled and sustained throughout the study time. Weibull and Gompertz (applies in least initial burst and sustain drug release rate models) were the best models to predict the release behavior. They cements had acceptable compressive strength (6–10 MPa; in the range of trabecular bone) and were biodegradable (21%–27% within 12 weeks of incubation) in vitro in simulated body fluids at physiological conditions. These bone cements showed excellent antibacterial activity from day 1 onwards and no bacterial colony was found from day 3 onwards. The viability of MG63 cells in vitro after 72 h was significantly higher after 24 h (i.e., ~110%). The cells were well attached and spread over the surface of the cements with extended morphology. The ESD antibiotic‐loaded apatitic bone cements showed better injectability, degradation and cytocompatibility compared when compared to Syn antibiotic‐loaded apatitic bone cements. Thus, we believe that the ESD antibiotic‐loaded apatitic bone cements are suitable as potential injectable bone substitutes to avoid post‐operative implant associated and other acute or chronic bone infections.

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Section: Nanocrystalline Ha Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cement Setting Time and Injectability Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Fabrication of injectable antibiotic‐loaded apatitic bone cements with prolonged drug delivery for treating post‐surgery infections

Dewangan

Kumar

Doble

et al. 2023

J Biomedical Materials Res

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“…The results suggested that 25% EP in cementitious materials is beneficial for material performance. Dewangan et al [ 34 ] proposed a novel approach to using injectable macroporous apatite bone cement under physiological conditions. Its solid phase consists of hydroxyapatite and β–tricalcium phosphate (derived from eggshell) and the liquid phase contains the biopolymeric solution and disodium hydrogen phosphate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Properties of Eggshell Powder and Its Influence on Cement Hydration

Che

Ouyang

et al. 2022

Materials

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Using eggshell powder (EP) to replace partial cement in cement-based materials can abate pollution caused by eggshell discard and cement production. In this paper, the surface property of EP and its influence on cement hydration were studied. Quartz powder (QP) and limestone powder (LP) were used as references. First, the chemical composition of EP was characterized. Then, the surface charge properties of these materials were analyzed using zeta potential measurement. The interactions between EP surface and Ca2+ were discussed based on the zeta potential test. Afterward, a scanning electron microscope (SEM) was applied to observe the morphology of hydrates on the surfaces of these materials. The results indicated that, although the compositions of EP and LP are similar, the surface charge properties are significantly different. This is likely due to the existence of organic matter on the surface of EP and the difference in the atomic structure. As shown from the zeta potential test, EP exhibits similar interaction with Ca2+ as QP. The interactions between EP surface and Ca2+ are much weaker than that between LP and Ca2+. These weak interactions lead to the growth of C–S–H on the surface of EP particles less than that of LP particles. The chemical reactivity of EP can be improved by using heat treatment, electrical oven, etc. This study will provide theoretical support for the better use of EP in cement-based materials.

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Injectable macroporous naturally‐derived apatite bone cement as a potential trabecular bone substitute

Dewangan,

Sampath Kumar,

Doble

et al. 2024

J Biomed Mater Res

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In this study, we have formulated a novel apatite bone cements derived from natural sources (i.e. eggshell and fishbone) with improved qualities that is, porosity, resorbability, biological activity, and so forth. The naturally‐derived apatite bone cement (i.e. FBDEAp) was prepared by mixing hydroxyapatite (synthesized from fishbone) and tricalcium phosphate (synthesized from eggshell) as a solid phase with a liquid phase (a dilute acidic blend of cement binding accelerator and biopolymers like gelatin and chitosan) with polysorbate (as liquid porogen) to get a desired bone cement paste. The prepared cement paste sets within the clinically acceptable setting time (≤20 min), easily injectable (>85%) through hands and exhibits physiological pH stability (7.3–7.4). The pure apatite phased bone cement was confirmed by x‐ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses. The FBDEAp bone cement possesses acceptable compressive strength (i.e. 5–7 MPa) within trabecular bone range and is resorbable up to 28% in simulated body fluid solution within 12 weeks of incubation at physiological conditions. The FBDEAp is macroporous in nature (average pore size ~50–400 μm) with interconnected pores verified by SEM and micro‐CT analyses. The FBDEAp showed significantly increased MG63 cell viability (>125% after 72 h), cell adhesion, proliferation, and key osteogenic genes expression levels (up to 5–13 folds) compared to the synthetically derived, synthetic and eggshell derived as well as synthetic and fishbone derived bone cements. Thus, we strongly believe that our prepared FBDEAp bone cement can be used as potential trabecular bone substitute in orthopedics.

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Development of macroporous eggshell derived apatite bone cement for non-load bearing defect repair in orthopedics

Cited by 3 publications

References 42 publications

Fabrication of injectable antibiotic‐loaded apatitic bone cements with prolonged drug delivery for treating post‐surgery infections

Fabrication of injectable antibiotic‐loaded apatitic bone cements with prolonged drug delivery for treating post‐surgery infections

Surface Properties of Eggshell Powder and Its Influence on Cement Hydration

Injectable macroporous naturally‐derived apatite bone cement as a potential trabecular bone substitute

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