Development of lung diffusion to adulthood following extremely preterm birth

Satrell, Emma; Clemm, Hege; Røksund, Ola Drange; Hufthammer, Karl Ove; Thorsen, Einar; Halvorsen, Thomas; Vollsæter, Maria

doi:10.1183/13993003.04103-2020

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…One in ten babies worldwide is born preterm, before 37 completed weeks of gestation [ 1 ]. Preterm birth disrupts normal lung development, which can have lasting effects on lung function, in particular on airflow [ 2 – 4 ]. This is most evident in infants born very preterm (<32 weeks) who develop bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), which is characterised by alveolar septal fibrosis and inflammation or by impaired alveolar growth [ 3 , 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preterm birth and asthma and COPD in adulthood: a nationwide register study from two Nordic countries

et al. 2023

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Preterm birth affects lungs in several ways but only few studies have follow-up until adulthood. We investigated the association of the entire spectrum of gestational ages with specialist care episodes for obstructive airway disease (asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD) at age 18–50 years. We used nationwide register data on 706 717 people born 1987–1998 in Finland (4.8% preterm) and 1 669 528 born 1967–1999 in Norway (5.0% preterm). Care episodes of asthma and COPD were obtained from specialised healthcare registers, available in Finland 2005–2016 and in Norway 2008–2017. We used logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (OR) for having a care episode with either disease outcome. Odds of any obstructive airway disease in adulthood were 2–3-fold for those born <28 or 28–31 completed weeks, compared with those born full-term (39–41 completed weeks), persisting after adjustments. For individuals born at 32–33, 34–36 or 37–38 weeks, the odds were 1.1- to 1.5-fold. Associations were similar in the Finnish and the Norwegian data and among people aged 18–29 and 30–50 years. For COPD at age 30–50 years, the OR was 7.44 (95% CI 3.49–15.85) for those born <28 weeks, 3.18 (2.23–4.54) for those born 28–31 weeks, and 2.32 (1.72–3.12) for those born 32–33 weeks. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia in infancy increased the odds further for those born <28 and 32–31 weeks. Preterm birth is a risk factor for asthma and COPD in adulthood. The high odds of COPD calls for diagnostic vigilance when adults born very preterm present with respiratory symptoms.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preterm birth and asthma and COPD in adulthood: a nationwide register study from two Nordic countries

et al. 2023

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“…The link between preterm birth and long-term risk of respiratory infections, particularly lung infections, seems plausible because preterm birth is strongly associated with lung immaturity and the need of ventilatory support in the neonatal period. 33 For preterm born, lower lung volumes and higher rates of chronic lung disease have been reported through childhood and into adulthood, 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 and associations between preterm birth and RTI risk in childhood and adolescence have been described previously. 25 , 28 , 34 , 36 Reduced respiratory organ function and chronic lung disease increase the risk of RTIs in children as well as in adults, and an increased risk of chronic lung disease (CLD) in childhood and adulthood may, at least in part, mediate the excess RTI risk in children and adults born preterm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Gestational age at birth and hospitalisations for infections among individuals aged 0–50 years in Norway: a longitudinal, register-based, cohort study

et al. 2023

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“…Extremely preterm-born individuals had impaired lung-diffusing capacity. The deficits tracked below (but in parallel) to matched full-term control groups from mid-childhood to adulthood [47].…”

Section: Pulmonary Outcomes In Adolescence and Young Adulthoodmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Disruption of alveolar growth due to extremely preterm birth may lead to COPD in early adulthood [46]. One controlled population-based report published in 2022 documented the longitudinal development of lung-diffusing capacity after extremely preterm birth from mid-childhood to adulthood [47]. Two cohorts born at ≤28 weeks GA or birthweight ≤ 1000 g between 1982 and 1985, as well as between 1991 and 1992 were evaluated twice, at ages 18 and 25 years and 10 and 18 years, respectively, and were compared with matched controls born at term.…”

Section: Pulmonary Outcomes In Adolescence and Young Adulthoodmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Update on Lung Function of Extremely and Very Preterm Infants in Later Life: The Role of Early Nutritional Interventions

Briana

Malamitsi‐Puchner

2023

Nutrients

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Birth occurring at ≤32 weeks’ gestation (“very preterm”) or at ≤28 weeks’ gestation (“extremely preterm”) potentially poses considerable health problems for the neonate, including respiratory sequelae, not only during the immediate newborn period, but throughout childhood and into adulthood. With the progressive improvements in neonatal care, the survival of extremely preterm and very preterm neonates has improved substantially. However, a considerable percentage of these infants suffer dysfunctions that may trigger, at some stage later in life, the onset of respiratory morbidities. The interruption of the normal development of the respiratory tract caused by preterm birth, in combination with postnatal lung injury caused by various interventions, e.g., mechanical ventilation and oxygen therapy, increases the risk ofthe development of long-term respiratory deficits in survivors. Those infants that are most affected are those who develop chronic lung disease of prematurity (also called bronchopulmonary dysplasia, BPD), but impaired lung function can develop irrespective of BPD diagnosis. Apart from indicating abnormal lung function in survivors of extreme prematurity, recent long-term follow-up studies also emphasize the crucial role of early nutritional intake as an effective strategy, which promotes lung growth and repair. This article will update the associations between extremely/very preterm birth with long-term respiratory outcomes. It will also discuss the protective effect of nutritional interventions, focusing on recently published follow-up data.

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Development of lung diffusion to adulthood following extremely preterm birth

Cited by 15 publications

References 49 publications

Preterm birth and asthma and COPD in adulthood: a nationwide register study from two Nordic countries

Preterm birth and asthma and COPD in adulthood: a nationwide register study from two Nordic countries

Gestational age at birth and hospitalisations for infections among individuals aged 0–50 years in Norway: a longitudinal, register-based, cohort study

An Update on Lung Function of Extremely and Very Preterm Infants in Later Life: The Role of Early Nutritional Interventions

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