Development of low-Cr ODS FeCrAl alloys for accident-tolerant fuel cladding

Dryepondt, Sébastien; Unocic, Kinga A.; Hoelzer, David T.; Massey, Caleb; Pint, Bruce A.

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2017.12.035

Cited by 95 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…In an attempt to mitigate the formation of this phase in ODS FeCrAl alloys, new ODS FeCrAl alloys with lower Cr content (10-12 wt%) have recently been under development for nuclear applications. These low-Cr ODS FeCrAl alloys exhibit the same high temperature strength as legacy ODS FeCrAl alloys and are resistant to oxidation in steam environments to temperatures as high as 1400°C [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The consequences of not having an oxidation resistant accident tolerant fuel (ATF) cladding has already been realized in 2011 with respect to the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear accident that has subsequently accelerated the development of these ATF cladding alternatives. Oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) FeCrAl alloys are one class of materials that attempt to address these challenges in both advanced reactor concepts and in current LWR's due to their high temperature strength, irradiation resistance, and oxidation resistance in the presence of high temperature steam [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multiscale investigations of nanoprecipitate nucleation, growth, and coarsening in annealed low-Cr oxide dispersion strengthened FeCrAl powder

et al. 2019

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A major challenge in the design of oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) FeCrAl alloys is the optimization of the fine-scale particle size distribution that provides both beneficial mechanical properties and irradiation resistance. To address this obstacle, the nucleation, growth, and coarsening of the fine-scale (Y,Al,O) nanoprecipitates within an ODS FeCrAl was studied using atom probe tomography (APT) and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). Mechanically alloyed Fe-10Cr-6.1Al-0.3Zr+Y2O3 wt.% (CrAZY) powders were heated in-situ from 20-1000°C to capture the nucleation and growth the nanoprecipitates using SANS. Furthermore, CrAZY powders were annealed at 1000°C, 1050°C, and 1100°C at ageing times from 15 min to 500 h followed by either APT or magnetic SANS to study the structure, composition, and coarsening kinetics of the nanoprecipitates. In-situ SANS results indicate nanoprecipitate nucleation and growth at low temperatures (200-600°C). APT results indicate compositions corresponding to the YAG stoichiometry with a possible transition towards the YAP phase for larger precipitates after sufficient thermal ageing. However, magnetic SANS results suggest a defective structure for the nanoprecipitates indicated by deviations of the calculated A-ratio from stochiometric (Y,Al,O) phases. Particle coarsening kinetics follow n=6 power law kinetics, but the mechanism cannot be explained through the dislocation pipe diffusion mechanism. The potential effect of precipitate coarsening during pre-and post-consolidation heat treatments on the irradiation resistance of ODS FeCrAl alloys is discussed with respect to sink strength maximization.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiscale investigations of nanoprecipitate nucleation, growth, and coarsening in annealed low-Cr oxide dispersion strengthened FeCrAl powder

et al. 2019

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“…However, such low-Cr ODS steels have poor corrosion/oxidation resistance compared with high-Cr (12-22 wt%) ones. [16] Recently, it is found that the addition of Al can not only enhance the corrosion resistance of ODS steels but also suppress the maturation of the Cr-rich precipitates even under neutron irradiation to seven displacements per atom (dpa). [17] Kobayashi and Takasugi [15] reported that Al can effectively shift the ferrite-martensite phase boundary of the low-Cr ODS steels toward a higher-chromium content state.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in the previous literature, the addition of aluminum tends to reduce the mechanical properties of ODS steels. [18,19] It is because that compared with the Al-free ODS steels, the grains and dispersed oxides of the Al-containing ODS steels are much larger in size due to the coarsening effect of Al addition on the steel matrix and Y 2 O 3 particles, [16,[20][21][22] which generally results in obvious reduction of strength. Moreover, most of the previous studies were based on the microstructure observation of the ODS steels in the final state (e.g., as forged or as extruded).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the prealloying method, for example, Dong et al have prepared 16Cr3Al ODS steel by mechanically alloying the prealloyed Fe-16Cr-3Al-1.5 W (wt.%) powder with Y 2 O 3 powder, [22] and Dryepondt et al have used this method to prepare 12CrAl ODS steel. [16] Some other researchers used the postalloying method to prepare Al-containing ODS steels. For example, Zhao et al have fabricated Fe14Cr1Al ODS steel by mechanical alloying of Fe-14C-2 W-0.2 V-007Ta powder, Al powder, and Y 2 O 3 powder.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Al Addition Strategy on the Microstructure of a Low‐Cr Oxide Dispersion‐Strengthened Ferritic Steel

Zhou

Long

et al. 2019

Adv Eng Mater

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Herein, two kinds of Fe-9Cr-8Al oxide dispersion-strengthened (ODS) steels (prealloyed and postalloyed) are fabricated via mechanical alloying (MA), hot isostatic pressing (HIP), and subsequent hot forging. Microstructures of the milled powder and forged bulk materials are carefully characterized. The results show that the adding sequence of Al has a significant impact on the microstructure. For the postalloyed sample (adding Al during ball milling), a dual-phase structure composed of reticular Al-rich regions and a steel matrix is formed in the milled powder due to the highly mismatched deformability between the Al powder and the Fe-9Cr powder during ball milling. For the prealloyed sample (adding Al prior to ball milling), Al is solid solutionized into the steel matrix before ball milling, and there is no dual-phase structure in the milled powder. In the final bulk materials, the average grain size of the prealloyed sample is much larger than that of the postalloyed sample. Moreover, the matrix of the postalloyed sample has a bimodal grain structure consisting of coarse grains closely surrounded by fine grains, whereas the prealloyed sample has a relatively uniform distribution of coarse grains. The coarsening mechanisms of Al addition on the microstructure are also discussed.

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Microstructure and Corrosion Behavior of CoCr_xCuFeMnNi High‐Entropy Alloys Prepared by Vacuum Hot‐Pressing Sintering

et al. 2022

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Herein, CoCrxCuFeMnNi (x = 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0, in molar ratio) high‐entropy alloys (HEAs) are prepared through vacuum hot‐pressing sintering. The influences of Cr content on the microstructure and the corrosion behavior in 3.5% NaCl solution are studied. The alloys are mainly composed of two face‐centered cubic (FCC) phases, namely, Cr–Co–Fe–Mn–Ni (or Co–Fe–Mn–Ni)‐rich FCC1 phase and Cu–Mn–Ni‐rich FCC2 phase. With the increase of Cr content, The FCC1‐phase area expands and the FCC2 phase area shrinks. In 3.5% NaCl solution, the corrosion current density (icorr) and average corrosion rate (Vcorr) of the HEAs decrease with the increase in Cr content. The icorr and Vcorr of Cr2.0 alloy are lower at 1.87 × 10−6A cm−2 and 0.02 mm year−1, respectively. The increase of transfer resistance (Rp) and decrease of relative thickness (CPE1−1) of the passivation film indicate that the more difficult it is for ions in the corrosive medium to pass through the capacitor layer, the better the corrosion resistance of the alloy. Improvement of the corrosion resistance is mainly due to the formation of denser Cr2O3 passivation film and reduction of the segregation degree of Cu in the FCC2 phase.

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Development of low-Cr ODS FeCrAl alloys for accident-tolerant fuel cladding

Cited by 95 publications

References 65 publications

Multiscale investigations of nanoprecipitate nucleation, growth, and coarsening in annealed low-Cr oxide dispersion strengthened FeCrAl powder

Multiscale investigations of nanoprecipitate nucleation, growth, and coarsening in annealed low-Cr oxide dispersion strengthened FeCrAl powder

Influence of Al Addition Strategy on the Microstructure of a Low‐Cr Oxide Dispersion‐Strengthened Ferritic Steel

Microstructure and Corrosion Behavior of CoCr_xCuFeMnNi High‐Entropy Alloys Prepared by Vacuum Hot‐Pressing Sintering

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Development of low-Cr ODS FeCrAl alloys for accident-tolerant fuel cladding

Cited by 95 publications

References 65 publications

Multiscale investigations of nanoprecipitate nucleation, growth, and coarsening in annealed low-Cr oxide dispersion strengthened FeCrAl powder

Multiscale investigations of nanoprecipitate nucleation, growth, and coarsening in annealed low-Cr oxide dispersion strengthened FeCrAl powder

Influence of Al Addition Strategy on the Microstructure of a Low‐Cr Oxide Dispersion‐Strengthened Ferritic Steel

Microstructure and Corrosion Behavior of CoCrxCuFeMnNi High‐Entropy Alloys Prepared by Vacuum Hot‐Pressing Sintering

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Microstructure and Corrosion Behavior of CoCr_xCuFeMnNi High‐Entropy Alloys Prepared by Vacuum Hot‐Pressing Sintering