Development of low-cost photoacoustic imaging systems using very low-energy pulsed laser diodes

Hariri, Ali; Fatima, Afreen; Mohammadian, Nafiseh; Mahmoodkalayeh, Sadreddin; Ansari, Mohammad Ali; Bely, Nicholas; Avanaki, Kamran

doi:10.1117/1.jbo.22.7.075001

Cited by 85 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…1–6 It can image both endogenous chromophores (e.g., deoxygenated/oxygenated hemoglobin and melanin) and exogenous contrast agents. 7–14 Methylene blue (MB) is a useful cationic exogenous contrast agent for identifying sentinel lymph nodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Switchable Photoacoustic Intensity of Methylene Blue via Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Micellization

et al. 2017

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The interaction between methylene blue (MB) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) has been widely studied spectroscopically, but details about their interactions remain unclear. Here, we combined photoacoustic (PA) imaging with nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and spectroscopy to further elucidate this interaction. PA imaging of 0.05 mM MB showed a 492-fold increase in intensity upon the addition of 3.47 mM SDS. Higher concentrations above SDS’s critical micelle concentration (CMC) at 8.67 mM decreased the PA intensity by 54 times. Relative quantum yield measurements indicated that PA intensity increased as a result of fluorescence quenching. Meanwhile, NTA indicated an increased number of nonmicellar MB/SDS clusters at SDS concentrations below the CMC varying in size from 80 to 400 nm as well as a decreased number above the CMC. This trend suggested that MB/SDS clusters are responsible for the PA intensity enhancement. Comparison of PA intensities and spectral shifts with MB/hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, MB/sodium octyl sulfate, and MB/sodium chloride demonstrated that MB was bound to the sulfate moiety of SDS before and after micellization. Our observations suggest that MB forms aggregates with SDS at premicellar concentrations, and the MB aggregates disassociate as monomers that are bound to the sulfate moiety of SDS at micellar concentrations. These findings further clarify the process by which MB and SDS interact and demonstrate the potential for developing MB-/SDS-based contrast agents.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Switchable Photoacoustic Intensity of Methylene Blue via Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Micellization

et al. 2017

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“…In 2002, for the first time, Photoacoustic Tomography (PAT) was successfully used as in vivo functional and structural brain imaging modality in small animals [9]. Recently, low-cost PAT systems are extensively being investigated [10], [11]. One of the challenging matters in PAI is image reconstruction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eigenspace-Based Minimum Variance Combined With Delay Multiply and Sum Beamformer: Application to Linear-Array Photoacoustic Imaging

Mozaffarzadeh

Mahloojifar

Periyasamy

et al. 2019

IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron.

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In Photoacoustic imaging, Delay-and-Sum (DAS) algorithm is the most commonly used beamformer. However, it leads to a low resolution and high level of sidelobes. Delay-Multiply-and-Sum (DMAS) was introduced to provide lower sidelobes compared to DAS. In this paper, to improve the resolution and sidelobes of DMAS, a novel beamformer is introduced using Eigenspace-Based Minimum Variance (EIBMV) method combined with DMAS, namely EIBMV-DMAS. It is shown that expanding the DMAS algebra leads to several terms which can be interpreted as DAS. Using the EIBMV adaptive beamforming instead of the existing DAS (inside the DMAS algebra expansion) is proposed to improve the image quality. EIBMV-DMAS is evaluated numerically and experimentally. It is shown that EIBMV-DMAS outperforms DAS, DMAS and EIBMV in terms of resolution and sidelobes. In particular, at the depth of 11 mm of the experimental images, EIBMV-DMAS results in about 113 d B and 50 d B sidelobe reduction, compared to DMAS and EIBMV, respectively. At the depth of 7 mm, for the experimental images, the quantitative results indicate that EIBMV-DMAS leads to improvement in Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) of about 75% and 34%, compared to DMAS and EIBMV, respectively.

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“…20 Low-cost PAI systems using have been designed for different purposes. [21][22][23] For the linear-array imaging, there is a high similarity between the beamforming algorithm used in PA and US image formation. 24 Delay-and-sum (DAS) beamformer is the most typical algorithm used in medical PA and US imaging, due to its simple implementation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional photoacoustic tomography using delay multiply and sum beamforming algorithm

Paridar

Mozaffarzadeh

Mahloojifar

et al. 2018

Photons Plus Ultrasound: Imaging and Sensing 2018

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Photoacoustic imaging (PAI), is a promising medical imaging technique that provides the high contrast of the optical imaging and the resolution of ultrasound (US) imaging. Among all the methods, Three-dimensional (3D) PAI provides a high resolution and accuracy. One of the most common algorithms for 3D PA image reconstruction is delay-and-sum (DAS). However, the quality of the reconstructed image obtained from this algorithm is not satisfying, having high level of sidelobes and a wide mainlobe. In this paper, delay-multiply-andsum (DMAS) algorithm is suggested to overcome these limitations in 3D PAI. It is shown that DMAS algorithm is an appropriate reconstruction technique for 3D PAI and the reconstructed images using this algorithm are improved in the terms of the width of mainlobe and sidelobes, compared to DAS. Also, the quantitative results show that DMAS improves signal-to-noise ratio (SN R) and full-width-half-maximum (F W HM ) for about 25 dB and 0.2 mm, respectively, compared to DAS.

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Development of low-cost photoacoustic imaging systems using very low-energy pulsed laser diodes

Cited by 85 publications

References 29 publications

Switchable Photoacoustic Intensity of Methylene Blue via Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Micellization

Switchable Photoacoustic Intensity of Methylene Blue via Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Micellization

Eigenspace-Based Minimum Variance Combined With Delay Multiply and Sum Beamformer: Application to Linear-Array Photoacoustic Imaging

Three-dimensional photoacoustic tomography using delay multiply and sum beamforming algorithm

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