Development of lead-free single-element ultrahigh frequency (170–320MHz) ultrasonic transducers

Lam, Kwok Ho; Ji, Hong Fen; Fan, Zheng; Ren, Wei; Zhou, Qifa; Shung, K. Kirk

doi:10.1016/j.ultras.2013.01.012

Cited by 39 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…A very high‐frequency transducer (>300 MHz) was fabricated using the lead‐free K 0.5 Na 0.5 NbO 3 /Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 TiO 3 (KNN/BNT) composite thick films synthesized by sol–gel route. The frequency measured, the highest value for a lead‐free piezoceramic (170–320 MHz), can compete with high frequency PZT‐based transducers . Another system that can be considered a good candidate for ultrasonic transducer is the multilayer KNN ceramic doped with Li, Sb, Ta, prepared by conventional route .…”

Section: Advanced Synthesis and Properties Of Knn And Related Composimentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Synthesis on Lead‐Free K_xNa_(1−x)NbO₃ Piezoceramics for Medical Imaging Applications

Garroni

Senes²,

Iacomini³

et al. 2018

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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Ultrasonic imaging system is a non‐invasive medical imaging technique that has become one of the most widely used diagnostic tools in modern medicine for detecting prenatal anomalies and deep screening of biological tissues. One of the core components of the ultrasound system is represented by the probe where is located the transducer which produces mechanical energy in response to electrical signals, and conversely, produce electrical signals in response to mechanical stimulus. The ultrasound transducer in the probe is generally made of a piezoelectric ceramic material such as lead zirconate titanate (PZT), which present two important limitations as the presence of toxic material as the lead, and low acoustic impedance ascribable to its high density. For these reasons, it is necessary to focus the research on new eco‐friendly piezoelectric materials with properties comparable with PZT. Among them potassium sodium niobate is considered as a leading lead‐free candidate to replace lead‐based piezoceramics, resulting the most promising. In this review, the most relevant and advanced synthesis approaches and the unique properties of this class of lead‐free piezoceramics are presented in detail.

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Section: Advanced Synthesis and Properties Of Knn And Related Composimentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Synthesis on Lead‐Free K_xNa_(1−x)NbO₃ Piezoceramics for Medical Imaging Applications

Garroni

Senes²,

Iacomini³

et al. 2018

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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“…Presently, the polymer-matrix composites with high dielectric permittivity have also received increasing interest for various potential applications such as underwater acoustic transducers, medical diagnostic transducers, and high frequency and energy harvesting applications [12][13][14][15][16]. As a result, a wide variety of high dielectric constant composite materials have been developed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dielectric Properties of Φ(BZT-BCT)-(1−Φ) Epoxy Composites with 0-3 Connectivity

Mishra

Kumar

2013

Advances in Condensed Matter Physics

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Lead free ferroelectric ceramic [0.5[Ba(Zr 0.2 Ti 0.8)O 3 ]-0.5[(Ba 0.7 Ca 0.3)TiO 3 ]]/(BZT-BCT)-epoxy composites with 0-3 connectivity (particles connected in 3 dimensions) were prepared using hand lay-up technique followed by cold pressing for different volume fractions of (BZT-BCT) ceramic powder in the epoxy polymer matrix. The structural, microstructural, and dielectric properties of the composites have been investigated and discussed. XRD studies revealed the presence of both ceramic and polymer phases in the (BZT-BCT)-epoxy composites. SEM studies showed a uniform distribution of ceramic particles in the epoxy matrix, which confirmed the 0-3 connectivity in the composites. Dielectric studies revealed an increase in relative permittivity () and decrease in dielectric loss (tan) in the composites with the increase in the volume fractions of the ceramics up to 20%. This can be ascribed to the increase in density of the composites and dielectric properties of the epoxy polymer. At room temperature (RT) and at 1 kHz frequency, 0.2(BZT-BCT)-0.8(epoxy) composite showed the highest relative permittivity () ∼ 34. For the prediction of the effective dielectric constant of the composites, the experimental data were fitted to several theoretical equations. Effective medium theory (EMT) model and Yamada models were found to be useful for the prediction of the effective dielectric constant of studied composites.

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“…To verify the performance of the impedance matching network (IMN), pulse-echo and insertion loss (IL) measurement of the ultrasonic transducers with and without IMN was conducted [31]. For the pulse-echo measurement, an imaging system was developed as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impedance matching network for high frequency ultrasonic transducer for cellular applications

et al. 2016

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An approach for the design of an impedance matching network (IMN) for high frequency ultrasonic transducers with large apertures based on impedance analysis for cellular applications is presented in this paper. The main objectives were to maximize energy transmission from the excitation source to the ultrasonic transducers for cell manipulation and to achieve low input parameters for the safe operation of an ultrasonic transducer because the piezoelectric material in high frequency ultrasonic transducers is prone to breakage due to its being extremely thin. Two ultrasonic transducers, which were made of lithium niobate single crystal with the thickness of 15 μm, having apertures of 4.3 mm (fnumber = 1.23) and 2.6 mm (fnumber = 0.75) were tested. L-type IMN was selected for high sensitivity and compact design of the ultrasonic transducers. The target center frequency was chosen as the frequency where the electrical admittance (∣Y∣) and phase angle (θz) from impedance analysis was maximal and zero, respectively. The reference center frequency and reference echo magnitude were selected as the center frequency and echo magnitude, measured by pulse-echo testing, of the ultrasonic transducer without IMN. Initial component values and topology of IMN were determined using the Smith chart, and pulse-echo testing was analyzed to verify the performance of the ultrasonic transducers with and without IMN. After several iterations between changing component values and topology of IMN, and pulse-echo measurement of the ultrasonic transducer with IMN, optimized component values and topology of IMN were chosen when the measured center frequency from pulse-echo testing was comparable to the target frequency, and the measured echo magnitude was at least 30% larger than the reference echo magnitude. Performance of an ultrasonic transducer with and without IMN was tested by observing a tangible dent on the surface of a plastic petridish and single cell response after an acoustic pulse was applied on a target cell.

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Development of lead-free single-element ultrahigh frequency (170–320MHz) ultrasonic transducers

Cited by 39 publications

References 40 publications

Advanced Synthesis on Lead‐Free K_xNa_(1−x)NbO₃ Piezoceramics for Medical Imaging Applications

Advanced Synthesis on Lead‐Free K_xNa_(1−x)NbO₃ Piezoceramics for Medical Imaging Applications

Dielectric Properties of Φ(BZT-BCT)-(1−Φ) Epoxy Composites with 0-3 Connectivity

Impedance matching network for high frequency ultrasonic transducer for cellular applications

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Development of lead-free single-element ultrahigh frequency (170–320MHz) ultrasonic transducers

Cited by 39 publications

References 40 publications

Advanced Synthesis on Lead‐Free KxNa(1−x)NbO3 Piezoceramics for Medical Imaging Applications

Advanced Synthesis on Lead‐Free KxNa(1−x)NbO3 Piezoceramics for Medical Imaging Applications

Dielectric Properties of Φ(BZT-BCT)-(1−Φ) Epoxy Composites with 0-3 Connectivity

Impedance matching network for high frequency ultrasonic transducer for cellular applications

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Advanced Synthesis on Lead‐Free K_xNa_(1−x)NbO₃ Piezoceramics for Medical Imaging Applications

Advanced Synthesis on Lead‐Free K_xNa_(1−x)NbO₃ Piezoceramics for Medical Imaging Applications