Development of Kasabach–Merritt phenomenon following vaccination: More than a coincidence?

Ji, Yi; Chen, Siyuan; Yang, Kaiying; Xia, Chunchao; Peng, Suhua

doi:10.1111/1346-8138.14598

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Adult reactivation of KHE has been described in less than 30 cases 3 . Similar to our case, other reports have suggested local trauma (eg, direct trauma or vaccination) as a potential trigger for tumor reactivation 3‐5 . It has been theorized that vascular microtrauma may contribute to KMP.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Reactivation of Kasabach‐Merritt phenomenon in a young adult with a congenital kaposiform hemangioendothelioma

Ivars

Triana

López‐Gutiérrez

2020

Pediatric Dermatology

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Reactivation of Kasabach‐Merritt phenomenon in a young adult with a congenital kaposiform hemangioendothelioma

Ivars

Triana

López‐Gutiérrez

2020

Pediatric Dermatology

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“…There is also evidence that aggravation or manipulation of the tumor either from surgery or trauma can incite KMP, whether the patient had a history of KMP or not [15][16][17]. In addition, rapid enlargement of the lesion with severe KMP development shortly after vaccination has been reported in several patients [18][19][20][21]. These phenomena raise the intriguing possibility that physical trauma and the inflammatory response might contribute to the aggravation of KHE.…”

Section: Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma: current knowledge and future perspectives

Chen

Yang

et al. 2020

Orphanet J Rare Dis

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115

180

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Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) is a rare vascular neoplasm with high morbidity and mortality. The initiating mechanism during the pathogenesis of KHE has yet to be discovered. The main pathological features of KHE are abnormal angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. KHEs are clinically heterogeneous and may develop into a lifethreatening thrombocytopenia and consumptive coagulopathy, known as the Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon (KMP). The heterogeneity and the highly frequent occurrence of disease-related comorbidities make the management of KHE challenging. Currently, there are no medications approved by the FDA for the treatment of KHE. Multiple treatment regimens have been used with varying success, and new clinical trials are in progress. In severe patients, multiple agents with variable adjuvant therapies are given in sequence or in combination. Recent studies have demonstrated a satisfactory efficacy of sirolimus, an inhibitor of mammalian target of rapamycin, in the treatment of KHE. Novel targeted treatments based on a better understanding of the pathogenesis of KHE are needed to maximize patient outcomes and quality of life. This review summarizes the epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis and treatments of KHE. Recent new concepts and future perspectives for KHE will also be discussed.

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“…In other cases, and more relevant to the possible therapeutic use of BCG vaccines, skin squamous cell carcinoma ( 71 , 72 ) or tufted angioma ( 73 ) arose weeks or months after BCG vaccination. In one patient with pre-existing Kaposi form hemangioendothelioma, a Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon was reported just after BCG vaccination ( 74 ). A second case is described in the same report, this time following tetanus-diphtheria-pertussis vaccine, suggesting this is not specific to BCG.…”

Section: Bcg Vaccinementioning

confidence: 99%

Repurposing Infectious Diseases Vaccines Against Cancer

et al. 2021

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Vaccines used to prevent infections have long been known to stimulate immune responses to cancer as illustrated by the approval of the Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine to treat bladder cancer since the 1970s. The recent approval of immunotherapies has rejuvenated this research area with reports of anti-tumor responses with existing infectious diseases vaccines used as such, either alone or in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Here, we have reviewed and summarized research activities using approved vaccines to treat cancer. Data supporting a cancer therapeutic use was found for 16 vaccines. For 10 (BCG, diphtheria, tetanus, human papillomavirus, influenza, measles, pneumococcus, smallpox, typhoid and varicella-zoster), clinical trials have been conducted or are ongoing. Within the remaining 6, preclinical evidence supports further evaluation of the rotavirus, yellow fever and pertussis vaccine in carefully designed clinical trials. The mechanistic evidence for the cholera vaccine, combined with the observational data in colorectal cancer, is also supportive of clinical translation. There is limited data for the hepatitis B and mumps vaccine (without measles vaccine). Four findings are worth highlighting: the superiority of intravesical typhoid vaccine instillations over BCG in a preclinical bladder cancer model, which is now the subject of a phase I trial; the perioperative use of the influenza vaccine to limit and prevent the natural killer cell dysfunction induced by cancer surgery; objective responses following intratumoral injections of measles vaccine in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma; objective responses induced by human papillomavirus vaccine in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. All vaccines are intended to induce or improve an anti-tumor (immune) response. In addition to the biological and immunological mechanisms that vary between vaccines, the mode of administration and sequence with other (immuno-)therapies warrant more attention in future research.

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Development of Kasabach–Merritt phenomenon following vaccination: More than a coincidence?

Cited by 12 publications

References 14 publications

Reactivation of Kasabach‐Merritt phenomenon in a young adult with a congenital kaposiform hemangioendothelioma

Reactivation of Kasabach‐Merritt phenomenon in a young adult with a congenital kaposiform hemangioendothelioma

Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma: current knowledge and future perspectives

Repurposing Infectious Diseases Vaccines Against Cancer

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