Development of Kaposi’s sarcoma after complete remission of multicentric Castlemans disease with rituximab therapy in a HHV8-positive, HIV-negative patient

Rituximab-containing Chemotherapy (R-CHOP)-induced Kaposi's Sarcoma in an HIV-negative Patient with Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma

“…Rituximab-related KS has been reported in a few HIVnegative patients with MCD (10)(11)(12)(13)(14), thus indicating that, at least in some cases, rituximab may directly activate lytic HHV-8 replication and thereby induce the development of KS in the absence of HIV infection. Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a common form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that usually develops in immunocompetent patients.…”

Brief Report: De Novo Human Herpesvirus 8 Tumors Induced by Rituximab in Autoimmune or Inflammatory Systemic Diseases

“…Other patients with multicentric Castleman's disease have been treated with efficacy with heterogeneous RTX dosing regimens, ranging from a single course sufficient for the induction of long-term remission to repeated (4,5). RTX-related KS has also been reported in a few HIV-negative patients with multicentric Castleman's disease (2,(7)(8)(9). RTX-related KS has also been reported in a few HIV-negative patients with multicentric Castleman's disease (2,(7)(8)(9).…”

Selective killing of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus lytically infected cells with a recombinant immunotoxin targeting the viral gpK8.1A envelope glycoprotein

“…Successes have been reported with immunotherapy using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) tocilizumab (Actemra ® ), 26 and siltuximab 27 against interlekin-6 or rituximab against the B-cell antigen CD20, 18,[28][29][30][31] though the latter agent has been complicated by aggravation of KS lesions. 28,29,32 A recent report described MCD remission in a multiple myeloma patient undergoing treatment with the proteosome inhibitor bortezomib. 33 Finally, herpesvirus-directed treatments using inhibitors of the viral DNA polymerase have shown promise, 34,35 consistent with the involvement of lytic phase replication in MCD; however, as for chemotherapy, the benefits are transient and long-term use is complicated by dose-limiting toxicities of these agents.…”